djangoldp/tests/tests_ldp_viewset.py

+from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
+
+from rest_framework import status
+from rest_framework.test import APIRequestFactory, APIClient, APITestCase
+from djangoldp.tests.models import User, Circle, Project
+from djangoldp.serializers import LDPSerializer
+from djangoldp.related import get_prefetch_fields
+
+
+class LDPViewSet(APITestCase):
+
+    user_serializer_fields = ['@id', 'username', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'email', 'userprofile', 'conversation_set', 'projects']
+    user_expected_fields = {'userprofile', 'conversation_set', 'projects', 'conversation_set__author_user', 'conversation_set__peer_user'}
+    project_serializer_fields = ['@id', 'description', 'members']
+    project_expected_fields = {'members', 'members__userprofile'}
+
+    def setUpLoggedInUser(self):
+        self.factory = APIRequestFactory()
+        self.client = APIClient()
+        self.user = get_user_model().objects.create_user(username='john', email='jlennon@beatles.com',
+                                                         password='glass onion', first_name='John')
+        self.client.force_authenticate(self.user)
+
+    def _get_serializer(self, model, depth, fields):
+        meta_args = {'model': model, 'depth': depth, 'fields': fields}
+        meta_class = type('Meta', (), meta_args)
+        return (type(LDPSerializer)('TestSerializer', (LDPSerializer,), {'Meta': meta_class}))()
+
+    def test_get_prefetch_fields_user(self):
+        model = User
+        depth = 0
+        serializer_fields = self.user_serializer_fields
+        expected_fields = self.user_expected_fields
+        serializer = self._get_serializer(model, depth, serializer_fields)
+        result = get_prefetch_fields(model, serializer, depth)
+        self.assertEqual(expected_fields, result)
+
+    def test_get_prefetch_fields_circle(self):
+        model = Circle
+        depth = 0
+        serializer_fields = ['@id', 'name', 'description', 'owner', 'members']
+        expected_fields = {'owner', 'members', 'admins', 'space'}
+        serializer = self._get_serializer(model, depth, serializer_fields)
+        result = get_prefetch_fields(model, serializer, depth)
+        self.assertEqual(expected_fields, result)
+
+    def test_get_prefetch_fields_project(self):
+        model = Project
+        depth = 0
+        serializer_fields = self.project_serializer_fields
+        expected_fields = self.project_expected_fields
+        serializer = self._get_serializer(model, depth, serializer_fields)
+        result = get_prefetch_fields(model, serializer, depth)
+        self.assertEqual(expected_fields, result)
+
+    # TODO: dynamically generating serializer fields is necessary to retrieve many-to-many fields at depth > 0,
+    #  but the _all_ default has issues detecting reverse many-to-many fields
+    '''def test_get_prefetch_fields_depth_1(self):
+        model = Project
+        depth = 2
+        serializer_fields = self.project_serializer_fields
+        user_expected = set(['team__' + x for x in self.user_expected_fields])
+        expected_fields = self.project_expected_fields.union(user_expected)
+        serializer = self._get_serializer(model, depth, serializer_fields)
+        result = get_prefetch_fields(model, serializer, depth)
+        self.assertEqual(expected_fields, result)'''
+
+    def test_get_shape_param(self):
+        self.setUpLoggedInUser()
+        circle = Circle.objects.create(name='test circle')
+
+        # request id and name only
+        fields_shape = '["@id", "name"]'
+
+        response = self.client.get('/circles/', HTTP_ACCEPT_MODEL_FIELDS=fields_shape)
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_200_OK)
+        response_data_keys = response.data['ldp:contains'][0].keys()
+        self.assertIn(len(response_data_keys), (3,4))
+        self.assertIn('@id', response_data_keys)
+        self.assertIn('name', response_data_keys)
+        self.assertIn('@type', response_data_keys)
+        if len(response_data_keys)>3:
+            self.assertIn('@context', response_data_keys)
+
+    def test_search_fields_basic(self):
+        self.setUpLoggedInUser()
+        lowercase_circle = Circle.objects.create(name='test circle')
+        uppercase_circle = Circle.objects.create(name='hello world', description='test')
+
+        response = self.client.get('/circles/?search-fields=name&search-terms=test&search-method=basic')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_200_OK)
+        self.assertEqual(len(response.data['ldp:contains']), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['ldp:contains'][0]['name'], lowercase_circle.name)
+
+        # test multiple search fields
+        response = self.client.get('/circles/?search-fields=name,description&search-terms=test&search-method=basic')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_200_OK)
+        self.assertEqual(len(response.data['ldp:contains']), 2)
+    
+    def test_search_fields_ibasic(self):
+        self.setUpLoggedInUser()
+        lowercase_circle = Circle.objects.create(name='test circle')
+        uppercase_circle = Circle.objects.create(name='TEST')
+
+        response = self.client.get('/circles/?search-fields=name&search-terms=test&search-method=ibasic')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_200_OK)
+        self.assertEqual(len(response.data['ldp:contains']), 2)
+    
+    def test_search_fields_exact(self):
+        self.setUpLoggedInUser()
+        lowercase_circle = Circle.objects.create(name='test circle')
+        uppercase_circle = Circle.objects.create(name='TEST')
+
+        response = self.client.get('/circles/?search-fields=name&search-terms=test&search-method=exact')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_200_OK)
+        self.assertEqual(len(response.data['ldp:contains']), 0)
+
+        response = self.client.get('/circles/?search-fields=name&search-terms=test%20circle&search-method=exact')
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['ldp:contains'][0]['name'], lowercase_circle.name)

djangoldp/tests/tests_model_serializer.py

+from django.conf import settings
+from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
+from django.test import TestCase, override_settings
+from rest_framework.test import APIClient, APIRequestFactory
+
+from djangoldp.serializers import LDPSerializer
+from djangoldp.tests.models import (Batch, Conversation, Invoice, JobOffer,
+                                    Message, ModelTask, Skill)
+
+
+class LDPModelSerializerTestCase(TestCase):
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.factory = APIRequestFactory()
+        self.user = get_user_model().objects.create_user(username='john', email='jlennon@beatles.com',
+                                                         password='glass onion')
+
+    def _get_serializer_class(self, model, depth, fields):
+        meta_args = {'model': model, 'depth': depth, 'fields': fields}
+
+        meta_class = type('Meta', (), meta_args)
+        return type(LDPSerializer)('TestSerializer', (LDPSerializer,), {'Meta': meta_class})
+
+    def test_update_container_new_resource_replace(self):
+        # 2 pre-existing skills, one will be replaced and the other updated
+        redundant_skill = Skill.objects.create(title="to drop", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="slug1")
+        pre_existing_skill = Skill.objects.create(title="to keep", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="slug2")
+        job = JobOffer.objects.create(title="job test")
+        job.skills.add(redundant_skill)
+        job.skills.add(pre_existing_skill)
+
+        post = {"@id": "{}/job-offers/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, job.slug),
+               "title": "job test updated",
+               "skills": {
+                   "ldp:contains": [
+                       {"title": "new skill", "obligatoire": "okay"},
+                       {"@id": "{}/skills/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, pre_existing_skill.slug), "title": "z"},
+                   ]}
+               }
+
+        serializer_class = self._get_serializer_class(JobOffer, 2, ("@id", "title", "skills"))
+        serializer = serializer_class(data=post, instance=job)
+        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
+        result = serializer.save()
+
+        self.assertEqual(result.title, "job test updated")
+        self.assertIs(result.skills.count(), 2)
+        skills = result.skills.all().order_by("title")
+        self.assertEqual(skills[0].title, "new skill")
+        self.assertEqual(skills[0].obligatoire, "okay")
+        self.assertEqual(skills[1].title, "z") # updated
+        self.assertEqual(skills[1].obligatoire, pre_existing_skill.obligatoire)
+
+    # TODO: https://git.startinblox.com/djangoldp-packages/djangoldp/issues/326
+    '''
+    def test_update_container_edit_and_new_resource_append(self):
+        pre_existing_skill_a = Skill.objects.create(title="to keep", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="slug1")
+        pre_existing_skill_b = Skill.objects.create(title="to keep", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="slug2")
+        job = JobOffer.objects.create(title="job test")
+        job.skills.add(pre_existing_skill_a)
+        job.skills.add(pre_existing_skill_b)
+
+        post = {"@id": "{}/job-offers/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, job.slug),
+                "skills": {
+                    "ldp:contains": [
+                        {"title": "new skill", "obligatoire": "okay"},
+                        {"@id": "{}/skills/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, pre_existing_skill_b.slug), "title": "z"},
+                    ]}
+                }
+
+        serializer_class = self._get_serializer_class(JobOffer, 2, ("@id", "title", "skills"))
+        serializer = serializer_class(data=post, instance=job)
+        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
+        result = serializer.save(partial=True)
+
+        self.assertEqual(result.title, job.title)
+        self.assertIs(result.skills.count(), 3)
+        skills = result.skills.all().order_by('title')
+        self.assertEqual(skills[0].title, "new skill") # new skill
+        self.assertEqual(skills[1].title, pre_existing_skill_a.title) # old skill unchanged
+        self.assertEqual(skills[2].title, "z") # updated
+        self.assertEqual(skills[2].obligatoire, pre_existing_skill_b.obligatoire) # another field not updated
+    '''
+
+    def test_update_container_edit_and_new_external_resources(self):
+        job = JobOffer.objects.create(title="job test")
+        pre_existing_external = Skill.objects.create(title="to keep", obligatoire="obligatoire",
+                                                     urlid="https://external.com/skills/2/")
+        job.skills.add(pre_existing_external)
+
+        post = {"@id": "{}/job-offers/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, job.slug),
+                "skills": {
+                    "ldp:contains": [
+                        {"@id": "https://external.com/skills/1/", "title": "external skill", "obligatoire": "okay"},
+                        {"@id": "https://external.com/skills/2/", "title": "to keep", "obligatoire": "okay"},
+                    ]}
+                }
+
+        serializer_class = self._get_serializer_class(JobOffer, 2, ("@id", "title", "skills"))
+        serializer = serializer_class(data=post, instance=job)
+        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
+        result = serializer.save()
+
+        skills = result.skills.all().order_by('urlid')
+        self.assertEqual(result.title, job.title)
+        self.assertEqual(result.pk, job.pk)
+        self.assertEqual(result.urlid, job.urlid)
+        self.assertIs(result.skills.count(), 2)
+        self.assertEqual(skills[0].title, "external skill")  # new skill
+        self.assertEqual(skills[0].urlid, "https://external.com/skills/1/")  # new skill
+        self.assertEqual(skills[0].obligatoire, "okay")
+        self.assertEqual(skills[1].title, pre_existing_external.title)  # old skill unchanged
+        self.assertEqual(skills[1].urlid, pre_existing_external.urlid)
+        self.assertEqual(skills[1].obligatoire, "okay")
+        self.assertEqual(skills[1].pk, pre_existing_external.pk)
+
+    def test_update_container_attach_existing_resource(self):
+        job = JobOffer.objects.create(title="job test")
+        another_job = JobOffer.objects.create(title="job2")
+        pre_existing_skill = Skill.objects.create(title="to keep", obligatoire="obligatoire")
+        another_job.skills.add(pre_existing_skill)
+
+        self.assertIs(job.skills.count(), 0)
+
+        post = {"@id": "{}/job-offers/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, job.slug),
+                "skills": {
+                    "ldp:contains": [
+                        {"@id": "{}/skills/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, pre_existing_skill.slug)},
+                    ]}
+                }
+
+        serializer_class = self._get_serializer_class(JobOffer, 2, ("@id", "title", "skills"))
+        serializer = serializer_class(data=post, instance=job)
+        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
+        result = serializer.save()
+
+        skills = result.skills.all().order_by('urlid')
+        self.assertEqual(result.title, job.title)
+        self.assertEqual(result.pk, job.pk)
+        self.assertEqual(result.urlid, job.urlid)
+        self.assertIs(result.skills.count(), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(skills[0].urlid, pre_existing_skill.urlid)
+        self.assertIs(another_job.skills.count(), 1)
+        self.assertIs(Skill.objects.count(), 1)
+
+    def test_update_container_attach_existing_resource_external(self):
+        job = JobOffer.objects.create(title="job test")
+        another_job = JobOffer.objects.create(title="job2")
+        pre_existing_external = Skill.objects.create(title="to keep", obligatoire="obligatoire",
+                                                     urlid="https://external.com/skills/2/")
+        another_job.skills.add(pre_existing_external)
+
+        self.assertIs(job.skills.count(), 0)
+
+        post = {"@id": "{}/job-offers/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, job.slug),
+                "skills": {
+                    "ldp:contains": [
+                        {"@id": pre_existing_external.urlid},
+                    ]}
+                }
+
+        serializer_class = self._get_serializer_class(JobOffer, 2, ("@id", "title", "skills"))
+        serializer = serializer_class(data=post, instance=job)
+        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
+        result = serializer.save()
+
+        skills = result.skills.all().order_by('urlid')
+        self.assertEqual(result.title, job.title)
+        self.assertEqual(result.pk, job.pk)
+        self.assertEqual(result.urlid, job.urlid)
+        self.assertIs(result.skills.count(), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(skills[0].urlid, pre_existing_external.urlid)
+        self.assertIs(another_job.skills.count(), 1)
+        self.assertIs(Skill.objects.count(), 1)
+
+    # TODO: https://git.startinblox.com/djangoldp-packages/djangoldp/issues/344
+    def test_update_container_mismatched_type_urlid(self):
+        job = JobOffer.objects.create(title="job test")
+        another_job = JobOffer.objects.create(title="job2")
+
+        # contains internal urlid which refers to a different type of object entirely, and one which refers to container
+        post = {"@id": "{}/job-offers/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, job.slug),
+                "skills": {
+                    "ldp:contains": [
+                        {"@id": "{}/job-offers/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, another_job.slug)},
+                    ]}
+                }
+
+        serializer_class = self._get_serializer_class(JobOffer, 2, ("@id", "title", "skills"))
+        serializer = serializer_class(data=post, instance=job)
+        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
+        result = serializer.save()
+
+    # TODO: https://git.startinblox.com/djangoldp-packages/djangoldp/issues/345
+    '''
+    def test_update_container_mismatched_type_urlid_2(self):
+        job = JobOffer.objects.create(title="job test")
+
+        # contains internal urlid which refers to a container
+        post = {"@id": "{}/job-offers/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, job.slug),
+                "skills": {
+                    "ldp:contains": [
+                        {"@id": "{}/skills/".format(settings.BASE_URL)},
+                    ]}
+                }
+
+        serializer_class = self._get_serializer_class(JobOffer, 2, ("@id", "title", "skills"))
+        serializer = serializer_class(data=post, instance=job)
+        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
+        result = serializer.save()
+
+        # TODO: assert correct error is thrown
+    '''
+
+    # TODO: https://git.startinblox.com/djangoldp-packages/djangoldp/issues/344
+    def test_update_container_mismatched_type_urlid_external(self):
+        job = JobOffer.objects.create(title="job test")
+
+        # contains external mismatched urlids which refers to a container
+        post = {"@id": "{}/job-offers/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, job.slug),
+                "skills": {
+                    "ldp:contains": [
+                        {"@id": "https://external.com/skills/"},
+                    ]}
+                }
+
+        serializer_class = self._get_serializer_class(JobOffer, 2, ("@id", "title", "skills"))
+        serializer = serializer_class(data=post, instance=job)
+        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
+        result = serializer.save()
+
+    # TODO: https://git.startinblox.com/djangoldp-packages/djangoldp/issues/346
+    '''def test_update_container_attach_nonexistent_local_resource(self):
+        job = JobOffer.objects.create(title="job test")
+
+        self.assertEqual(JobOffer.objects.count(), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(job.skills.count(), 0)
+        self.assertEqual(Skill.objects.count(), 0)
+
+        post = {"@id": "{}/job-offers/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, job.slug),
+                "skills": {
+                    "ldp:contains": [
+                        {"@id": "{}/skills/404/".format(settings.BASE_URL)},
+                    ]}
+                }
+
+        serializer_class = self._get_serializer_class(JobOffer, 2, ("@id", "title", "skills"))
+        serializer = serializer_class(data=post, instance=job)
+        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
+        result = serializer.save()
+
+        self.assertEqual(JobOffer.objects.count(), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(job.skills.count(), 0)
+        self.assertEqual(Skill.objects.count(), 0)'''
+
+    # CircleMember is different to Skill because it represents a many-to-many relationship via a through model
+    # TODO: https://git.startinblox.com/djangoldp-packages/djangoldp/issues/333
+    '''def test_update_m2m_relationship_with_through_model_add_and_edit(self):
+        circle = Circle.objects.create(name='test')
+        pre_existing = CircleMember.objects.create(user=self.user, circle=circle, is_admin=False)
+        another_user = get_user_model().objects.create_user(username='u2', email='u2@b.com', password='pw')
+
+        post = {
+            "@id": "{}/circles/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, circle.pk),
+            "name": "Updated Name",
+            "members": {
+                "ldp:contains": [
+                    {"@id": "{}/circle-members/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, pre_existing.pk), "is_admin": True},
+                    {"user": {"@id": another_user.urlid }, "is_admin": False},
+                ]
+            }
+        }
+
+        serializer_class = self._get_serializer_class(Circle, 2, ("@id", "name", "description", "members", "team"))
+        serializer = serializer_class(data=post, instance=circle)
+        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
+        result = serializer.save()
+
+        self.assertEqual(result.name, circle.name)
+        self.assertEqual(result.pk, circle.pk)
+        self.assertEqual(result.urlid, circle.urlid)
+        self.assertIs(result.members.count(), 2)
+        self.assertIs(result.team.count(), 2)
+
+        members = result.members.all().order_by('pk')
+        self.assertEqual(members[0].user, self.user)
+        self.assertEqual(members[0].urlid, pre_existing.urlid)
+        self.assertEqual(members[0].pk, pre_existing.pk)
+        self.assertEqual(members[0].is_admin, True)
+        self.assertEqual(members[1].user, another_user)
+        self.assertEqual(members[1].is_admin, False)
+
+    # TODO: variation on the above using external resources
+    def test_update_m2m_relationship_with_through_model_add_and_edit_external_resources(self):
+        pass
+
+    # NOTE: this test if failing due to missing the 'invoice_id' field (see #333)
+    #  variation of this test exists in tests_update.py with different behaviour
+    def test_update_container_twice_nested(self):
+        invoice = Invoice.objects.create(title='test')
+        pre_existing_batch = Batch.objects.create(title='batch1', invoice=invoice)
+        pre_existing_task = ModelTask.objects.create(title='task1', batch=pre_existing_batch)
+
+        post = {
+          "@id": "{}/invoices/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, invoice.pk),
+          "title": "new",
+          "batches": [
+            {
+              "@id": "{}/batchs/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, pre_existing_batch.pk),
+              "title": "new",
+              "tasks": [
+                {
+                  "@id": "{}/modeltasks/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, pre_existing_task.pk),
+                  "title": "new"
+                },
+                {
+                  "title": "tache 2"
+                }
+              ]
+            },
+            {
+              "title": "z",
+            }
+          ]
+        }
+
+        serializer_class = self._get_serializer_class(Invoice, 2, ("@id", "title", "batches"))
+        serializer = serializer_class(data=post, instance=invoice)
+        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
+        result = serializer.save()
+
+        self.assertEqual(result.title, "new")
+        self.assertEqual(result.urlid, invoice.urlid)
+        self.assertEqual(result.pk, invoice.pk)
+
+        self.assertIs(result.batches.count(), 2)
+        batches = result.batches.all().order_by('title')
+        self.assertEqual(batches[0].title, "new")
+        self.assertEqual(batches[0].urlid, pre_existing_batch.urlid)
+        self.assertEqual(batches[1].title, "z")
+
+        self.assertIs(batches[0].tasks.count(), 2)
+        tasks = batches[0].tasks.all().order_by('title')
+        self.assertEqual(tasks[0].title, "new")
+        self.assertEqual(tasks[0].urlid, pre_existing_task.urlid)
+        self.assertEqual(tasks[1].title, "tache 2")
+
+    # variation on the above test with external resources
+    def test_update_container_twice_nested_external_resources(self):
+        invoice = Invoice.objects.create(urlid='https://external.com/invoices/1/', title='test')
+        pre_existing_batch = Batch.objects.create(urlid='https://external.com/batchs/1/', title='batch1', invoice=invoice)
+        pre_existing_task = ModelTask.objects.create(urlid='https://external.com/tasks/1/', title='task1', batch=pre_existing_batch)
+
+        post = {
+            "@id": invoice.urlid,
+            "title": "new",
+            "batches": [
+                {
+                    "@id": pre_existing_batch.urlid,
+                    "title": "new",
+                    "tasks": [
+                        {
+                            "@id": pre_existing_task.urlid,
+                            "title": "new"
+                        },
+                        {
+                            "@id": "https://anotherexternal.com/tasks/1/",
+                            "title": "tache 2"
+                        }
+                    ]
+                },
+                {
+                    "@id": "https://yetanotherexternal.com/batchs/1/",
+                    "title": "z"
+                }
+            ]
+        }
+
+        serializer_class = self._get_serializer_class(Invoice, 2, ("@id", "title", "batches"))
+        serializer = serializer_class(data=post, instance=invoice)
+        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
+        result = serializer.save()
+
+        self.assertEqual(result.title, "new")
+        self.assertEqual(result.urlid, invoice.urlid)
+        self.assertEqual(result.pk, invoice.pk)
+
+        self.assertIs(result.batches.count(), 2)
+        batches = result.batches.all().order_by('title')
+        self.assertEqual(batches[0].title, "new")
+        self.assertEqual(batches[0].urlid, pre_existing_batch.urlid)
+        self.assertEqual(batches[1].title, "z")
+
+        self.assertIs(batches[0].tasks.count(), 2)
+        tasks = batches[0].tasks.all().order_by('title')
+        self.assertEqual(tasks[0].title, "new")
+        self.assertEqual(tasks[0].urlid, pre_existing_task.urlid)
+        self.assertEqual(tasks[1].title, "tache 2")'''
+
+    # variation on the test where a field is omitted on each level (no changes are made)
+    def test_update_container_twice_nested_no_changes_missing_fields(self):
+        invoice = Invoice.objects.create(title='test')
+        pre_existing_batch = Batch.objects.create(title='batch1', invoice=invoice)
+        pre_existing_task = ModelTask.objects.create(title='task1', batch=pre_existing_batch)
+
+        post = {
+            "@id": "{}/invoices/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, invoice.pk),
+            "batches": [
+                {
+                    "@id": "{}/batchs/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, pre_existing_batch.pk),
+                    "tasks": [
+                        {
+                            "@id": "{}/tasks/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, pre_existing_task.pk),
+                        }
+                    ]
+                }
+            ]
+        }
+
+        serializer_class = self._get_serializer_class(Invoice, 2, ("@id", "title", "batches"))
+        serializer = serializer_class(data=post, instance=invoice)
+        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
+        result = serializer.save(partial=True)
+
+        self.assertEqual(result.title, invoice.title)
+        self.assertEqual(result.urlid, invoice.urlid)
+        self.assertEqual(result.pk, invoice.pk)
+
+        self.assertIs(result.batches.count(), 1)
+        batches = result.batches.all()
+        self.assertEqual(batches[0].title, pre_existing_batch.title)
+        self.assertEqual(batches[0].urlid, pre_existing_batch.urlid)
+
+        self.assertIs(batches[0].tasks.count(), 1)
+        tasks = batches[0].tasks.all()
+        self.assertEqual(tasks[0].title, pre_existing_task.title)
+
+    def test_update_graph_edit_and_new_resource(self):
+        redundant_skill = Skill.objects.create(title="to drop", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="slug1")
+        skill1 = Skill.objects.create(title="skill1", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="slug2")
+        skill2 = Skill.objects.create(title="skill2", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="slug3")
+        job1 = JobOffer.objects.create(title="job test", slug="slug4")
+        job1.skills.add(redundant_skill)
+
+        job = {"@graph":
+            [
+                {
+                    "@id": "{}/job-offers/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, job1.slug),
+                    "title": "job test updated",
+                    "skills": {
+                        "ldp:contains": [
+                            {"@id": "{}/skills/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, skill1.slug)},
+                            {"@id": "{}/skills/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, skill2.slug)},
+                            {"@id": "_.123"},
+                        ]}
+                },
+                {
+                    "@id": "_.123",
+                    "title": "new skill",
+                    "obligatoire": "okay"
+                },
+                {
+                    "@id": "{}/skills/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, skill1.slug),
+                },
+                {
+                    "@id": "{}/skills/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, skill2.slug),
+                    "title": "skill2 UP"
+                }
+            ]
+        }
+
+        serializer_class = self._get_serializer_class(JobOffer, 2, ("@id", "title", "skills"))
+        serializer = serializer_class(data=job, instance=job1)
+        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
+        result = serializer.save()
+
+        skills = result.skills.all().order_by('title')
+
+        self.assertEqual(result.title, "job test updated")
+        self.assertIs(result.skills.count(), 3)
+        self.assertEqual(skills[0].title, "new skill")  # new skill
+        self.assertEqual(skills[1].title, "skill1")  # no change
+        self.assertEqual(skills[2].title, "skill2 UP")  # title updated
+
+    def test_update_graph_2(self):
+        skill = Skill.objects.create(title="to drop", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="slug")
+        skill1 = Skill.objects.create(title="skill1", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="slug1")
+        skill2 = Skill.objects.create(title="skill2", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="slug2")
+        job1 = JobOffer.objects.create(title="job test", slug="slug1")
+        job1.skills.add(skill)
+
+        job = {"@graph":
+            [
+                {
+                    "@id": "{}/job-offers/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, job1.slug),
+                    "title": "job test updated",
+                    "skills": {
+                        "@id": "{}/job-offers/{}/skills/".format(settings.BASE_URL, job1.slug)
+                    }
+                },
+                {
+                    "@id": "_.123",
+                    "title": "new skill",
+                    "obligatoire": "okay"
+                },
+                {
+                    "@id": "{}/skills/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, skill1.slug),
+                },
+                {
+                    "@id": "{}/skills/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, skill2.slug),
+                    "title": "skill2 UP"
+                },
+                {
+                    '@id': "{}/job-offers/{}/skills/".format(settings.BASE_URL, job1.slug),
+                    "ldp:contains": [
+                        {"@id": "{}/skills/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, skill1.slug)},
+                        {"@id": "{}/skills/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, skill2.slug)},
+                        {"@id": "_.123"},
+                    ]
+                }
+            ]
+        }
+
+        meta_args = {'model': JobOffer, 'depth': 2, 'fields': ("@id", "title", "skills", "slug")}
+
+        meta_class = type('Meta', (), meta_args)
+        serializer_class = type(LDPSerializer)('JobOfferSerializer', (LDPSerializer,), {'Meta': meta_class})
+        serializer = serializer_class(data=job, instance=job1)
+        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
+        result = serializer.save()
+
+        skills = result.skills.all().order_by('title')
+
+        self.assertEqual(result.title, "job test updated")
+        self.assertIs(result.skills.count(), 3)
+        self.assertEqual(skills[0].title, "new skill")  # new skill
+        self.assertEqual(skills[1].title, "skill1")  # no change
+        self.assertEqual(skills[2].title, "skill2 UP")  # title updated
+        self.assertEqual(skill, skill._meta.model.objects.get(pk=skill.pk))  # title updated
+
+    def test_update_list_with_reverse_relation(self):
+        user1 = get_user_model().objects.create()
+        conversation = Conversation.objects.create(description="Conversation 1", author_user=user1)
+        message1 = Message.objects.create(text="Message 1", conversation=conversation, author_user=user1)
+        message2 = Message.objects.create(text="Message 2", conversation=conversation, author_user=user1)
+
+        json = {"@graph": [
+            {
+                "@id": "{}/messages/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, message1.pk),
+                "text": "Message 1 UP"
+            },
+            {
+                "@id": "{}/messages/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, message2.pk),
+                "text": "Message 2 UP"
+            },
+            {
+                '@id': "{}/conversations/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, conversation.pk),
+                'description': "Conversation 1 UP",
+                "message_set": [
+                    {"@id": "{}/messages/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, message1.pk)},
+                    {"@id": "{}/messages/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, message2.pk)},
+                ]
+            }
+        ]
+        }
+
+        meta_args = {'model': Conversation, 'depth': 2, 'fields': ("@id", "description", "message_set")}
+
+        meta_class = type('Meta', (), meta_args)
+        serializer_class = type(LDPSerializer)('ConversationSerializer', (LDPSerializer,), {'Meta': meta_class})
+        serializer = serializer_class(data=json, instance=conversation)
+        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
+        result = serializer.save()
+
+        messages = result.message_set.all().order_by('text')
+
+        self.assertEqual(result.description, "Conversation 1 UP")
+        self.assertIs(result.message_set.count(), 2)
+        self.assertEqual(messages[0].text, "Message 1 UP")
+        self.assertEqual(messages[1].text, "Message 2 UP")
+
+    def test_add_new_element_with_foreign_key_id(self):
+        user1 = get_user_model().objects.create()
+        conversation = Conversation.objects.create(description="Conversation 1", author_user=user1)
+        message1 = Message.objects.create(text="Message 1", conversation=conversation, author_user=user1)
+        message2 = Message.objects.create(text="Message 2", conversation=conversation, author_user=user1)
+
+        json = {"@graph": [
+            {
+                "@id": "{}/messages/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, message1.pk),
+                "text": "Message 1 UP",
+                "author_user": {
+                    '@id': "{}/users/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, user1.pk)
+                }
+            },
+            {
+                "@id": "{}/messages/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, message2.pk),
+                "text": "Message 2 UP",
+                "author_user": {
+                    '@id': user1.urlid
+                }
+            },
+            {
+                "@id": "_:b1",
+                "text": "Message 3 NEW",
+                "author_user": {
+                    '@id': user1.urlid
+                }
+            },
+            {
+                '@id': "{}/conversations/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, conversation.pk),
+                "author_user": {
+                    '@id': user1.urlid
+                },
+                'description': "Conversation 1 UP",
+                'message_set': {
+                    "@id": "{}/conversations/{}/message_set/".format(settings.BASE_URL, conversation.pk)
+                }
+            },
+            {
+                '@id': "{}/conversations/{}/message_set/".format(settings.BASE_URL, conversation.pk),
+                "ldp:contains": [
+                    {"@id": "{}/messages/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, message1.pk)},
+                    {"@id": "{}/messages/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, message2.pk)},
+                    {"@id": "_:b1"}
+                ]
+            }
+        ]
+        }
+
+        meta_args = {'model': Conversation, 'depth': 2, 'fields': ("@id", "description", "message_set")}
+
+        meta_class = type('Meta', (), meta_args)
+        serializer_class = type(LDPSerializer)('ConversationSerializer', (LDPSerializer,), {'Meta': meta_class})
+        serializer = serializer_class(data=json, instance=conversation)
+        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
+        result = serializer.save()
+
+        messages = result.message_set.all().order_by('text')
+
+        self.assertEqual(result.description, "Conversation 1 UP")
+        self.assertIs(result.message_set.count(), 3)
+        self.assertEqual(messages[0].text, "Message 1 UP")
+        self.assertEqual(messages[1].text, "Message 2 UP")
+        self.assertEqual(messages[2].text, "Message 3 NEW")
+
+    # TODO: variation on https://git.startinblox.com/djangoldp-packages/djangoldp/issues/344
+    '''def test_update_container_invalid_fk_reference_given(self):
+        pass'''
+
+    def test_save_m2m_graph_with_many_nested(self):
+        invoice = {
+            "@graph": [
+                {
+                    "@id": "./",
+                    "batches": {"@id": "_:b381"},
+                    "title": "Nouvelle facture",
+                    "date": ""
+                },
+                {
+                    "@id": "_:b381",
+                    "tasks": {"@id": "_:b382"},
+                    "title": "Batch 1"
+                },
+                {
+                    "@id": "_:b382",
+                    "title": "Tache 1"
+                }
+            ]
+        }
+
+        meta_args = {'model': Invoice, 'depth': 2, 'fields': ("@id", "title", "batches", "date")}
+
+        meta_class = type('Meta', (), meta_args)
+        serializer_class = type(LDPSerializer)('InvoiceSerializer', (LDPSerializer,), {'Meta': meta_class})
+        serializer = serializer_class(data=invoice)
+        serializer.is_valid()
+        result = serializer.save()
+
+        self.assertEqual(result.title, "Nouvelle facture")
+        self.assertIs(result.batches.count(), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(result.batches.all()[0].title, "Batch 1")
+        self.assertIs(result.batches.all()[0].tasks.count(), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(result.batches.all()[0].tasks.all()[0].title, "Tache 1")
+
+    def test_save_m2m(self):
+        skill1 = Skill.objects.create(title="skill1", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="slug1")
+        skill2 = Skill.objects.create(title="skill2", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="slug2")
+
+        job = {"title": "job test",
+               "slug": "slug1",
+               "skills": {
+                   "ldp:contains": [
+                       {"@id": "{}/skills/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, skill1.slug)},
+                       {"@id": "{}/skills/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, skill2.slug), "title": "skill2 UP"},
+                       {"title": "skill3", "obligatoire": "obligatoire", "slug": "slug3"},
+                   ]}
+               }
+
+        meta_args = {'model': JobOffer, 'depth': 2, 'fields': ("@id", "title", "skills", "slug")}
+
+        meta_class = type('Meta', (), meta_args)
+        serializer_class = type(LDPSerializer)('JobOfferSerializer', (LDPSerializer,), {'Meta': meta_class})
+        serializer = serializer_class(data=job)
+        serializer.is_valid()
+        result = serializer.save()
+
+        self.assertEqual(result.title, "job test")
+        self.assertIs(result.skills.count(), 3)
+        self.assertEqual(result.skills.all()[0].title, "skill1")  # no change
+        self.assertEqual(result.skills.all()[1].title, "skill2 UP")  # title updated
+        self.assertEqual(result.skills.all()[2].title, "skill3")  # creation on the fly
+
+    # variation switching the http prefix of the BASE_URL in the request
+    @override_settings(BASE_URL='http://happy-dev.fr/')
+    def test_save_m2m_switch_base_url_prefix(self):
+        skill1 = Skill.objects.create(title="skill1", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="slug1")
+
+        job = {"title": "job test",
+               "slug": "slug1",
+               "skills": {
+                   "ldp:contains": [
+                       {"@id": "http://happy-dev.fr/skills/{}/".format(skill1.slug)},
+                   ]}
+               }
+
+        meta_args = {'model': JobOffer, 'depth': 2, 'fields': ("@id", "title", "skills", "slug")}
+
+        meta_class = type('Meta', (), meta_args)
+        serializer_class = type(LDPSerializer)('JobOfferSerializer', (LDPSerializer,), {'Meta': meta_class})
+        serializer = serializer_class(data=job)
+        serializer.is_valid()
+        result = serializer.save()
+
+        self.assertEqual(result.title, "job test")
+        self.assertIs(result.skills.count(), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(result.skills.all()[0].title, "skill1")  # no change
+
+    def test_save_m2m_graph_simple(self):
+        job = {"@graph": [
+            {"title": "job test", "slug": "slugjob",
+             },
+        ]}
+
+        meta_args = {'model': JobOffer, 'depth': 2, 'fields': ("@id", "title", "skills", "slug")}
+
+        meta_class = type('Meta', (), meta_args)
+        serializer_class = type(LDPSerializer)('JobOfferSerializer', (LDPSerializer,), {'Meta': meta_class})
+        serializer = serializer_class(data=job)
+        serializer.is_valid()
+        result = serializer.save()
+
+        self.assertEqual(result.title, "job test")
+        self.assertIs(result.skills.count(), 0)
+
+    def test_save_m2m_graph_with_nested(self):
+        skill1 = Skill.objects.create(title="skill1", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="a")
+        skill2 = Skill.objects.create(title="skill2", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="b")
+
+        job = {"@graph": [
+            {"title": "job test",
+             "slug": "slugj",
+             "skills": {"@id": "_.123"}
+             },
+            {"@id": "_.123", "title": "skill3 NEW", "obligatoire": "obligatoire", "slug": "skill3"},
+        ]}
+
+        meta_args = {'model': JobOffer, 'depth': 2, 'fields': ("@id", "title", "skills", "slug")}
+
+        meta_class = type('Meta', (), meta_args)
+        serializer_class = type(LDPSerializer)('JobOfferSerializer', (LDPSerializer,), {'Meta': meta_class})
+        serializer = serializer_class(data=job)
+        serializer.is_valid()
+        result = serializer.save()
+
+        self.assertEqual(result.title, "job test")
+        self.assertIs(result.skills.count(), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(result.skills.all()[0].title, "skill3 NEW")  # creation on the fly
+
+    def test_save_without_nested_fields(self):
+        skill1 = Skill.objects.create(title="skill1", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="a")
+        skill2 = Skill.objects.create(title="skill2", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="b")
+        job = {"title": "job test", "slug": "c"}
+
+        meta_args = {'model': JobOffer, 'depth': 2, 'fields': ("@id", "title", "skills", "slug")}
+
+        meta_class = type('Meta', (), meta_args)
+        serializer_class = type(LDPSerializer)('JobOfferSerializer', (LDPSerializer,), {'Meta': meta_class})
+        serializer = serializer_class(data=job)
+        serializer.is_valid()
+        result = serializer.save()
+
+        self.assertEqual(result.title, "job test")
+        self.assertIs(result.skills.count(), 0)
+
+    def test_save_on_sub_iri(self):
+        """
+            POST /job-offers/1/skills/
+        """
+        job = JobOffer.objects.create(title="job test")
+        skill = {"title": "new SKILL"}
+
+        meta_args = {'model': Skill, 'depth': 2, 'fields': ("@id", "title")}
+
+        meta_class = type('Meta', (), meta_args)
+        serializer_class = type(LDPSerializer)('SkillSerializer', (LDPSerializer,), {'Meta': meta_class})
+        serializer = serializer_class(data=skill)
+        serializer.is_valid()
+        kwargs = {}
+        kwargs['joboffer'] = job
+        result = serializer.save(**kwargs)
+
+        self.assertEqual(result.title, "new SKILL")
+        self.assertIs(result.joboffer_set.count(), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(result.joboffer_set.get(), job)
+        self.assertIs(result.joboffer_set.get().skills.count(), 1)

djangoldp/tests/tests_pagination.py

-from rest_framework.test import APIRequestFactory, APIClient, APITestCase
+from rest_framework.test import APIClient, APIRequestFactory, APITestCase
 
 from djangoldp.tests.models import Post
 
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ class TestPagination(APITestCase):
     def setUp(self):
         self.factory = APIRequestFactory()
         self.client = APIClient()
-        for i in range(0, 10):
+        for i in range(0, 30):
             Post.objects.create(content="content {}".format(i))
 
     def tearDown(self):
@@ -17,12 +17,12 @@ class TestPagination(APITestCase):
     def test_next(self):
         response = self.client.get('/posts/', content_type='application/ld+json')
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
-        self.assertIn('link', response._headers)
-        self.assertEquals(response._headers['link'][1], '<http://testserver/posts/?limit=5&offset=5>; rel="next"')
+        self.assertIn('link', response.headers)
+        self.assertEqual(response.headers['link'], '<http://testserver/posts/?p=2>; rel="next"')
 
     def test_previous(self):
-        response = self.client.get('/posts/?offset=2&limit=2', content_type='application/ld+json')
+        response = self.client.get('/posts/?p=2', content_type='application/ld+json')
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
-        self.assertIn('link', response._headers)
-        self.assertEquals(response._headers['link'][1],
-                          '<http://testserver/posts/?limit=2>; rel="prev", <http://testserver/posts/?limit=2&offset=4>; rel="next"')
+        self.assertIn('link', response.headers)
+        self.assertEqual(response.headers['link'],
+                          '<http://testserver/posts/>; rel="prev", <http://testserver/posts/?p=3>; rel="next"')

djangoldp/tests/tests_perf_get.py

+import datetime
+import platform
+
+import time
+from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
+from rest_framework.test import APIRequestFactory, APIClient, APITestCase
+from statistics import mean, variance
+import cProfile, io, pstats
+
+from djangoldp.tests.models import Post, JobOffer, Skill, Project, User
+
+
+class TestPerformanceGET(APITestCase):
+    posts = []
+    skills = []
+    jobs = []
+    test_volume = 100
+    result_line = []
+    withAuth = True
+    fixtures = ['test.json']
+
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpClass(cls):
+        super().setUpClass()
+        print("Init", end='', flush=True)
+
+        step = cls.test_volume / 10
+        cls.factory = APIRequestFactory()
+
+        for i in range(cls.test_volume):
+            get_user_model().objects.create_user(username='john{}'.format(i), email='jlennon{}@beatles.com'.format(i),
+                                                         password='glass onion')
+            cls.posts.append(Post.objects.create(content="content"))
+            cls.skills.append(Skill.objects.create(title="Java", obligatoire="ok", slug=str(i)))
+
+        for i in range(cls.test_volume):
+            job = JobOffer.objects.create(title="job", slug=str(i))
+            for skill in cls.skills:
+                job.skills.add(skill)
+            if i % step == 0:
+                print(".", end='', flush=True)
+            job.save()
+            cls.jobs.append(job)
+
+        cls.result_line.append(platform.node())
+        cls.result_line.append(datetime.datetime.today().strftime("%b %d %Y %H:%M:%S"))
+        cls.result_line.append(cls.withAuth)
+        cls.result_line.append(cls.withPermsCache)
+        cls.result_line.append(cls.test_volume)
+        cls.result_line.append("N/A")
+        cls.result_line.append("N/A")
+        cls.result_line.append("N/A")
+        cls.result_line.append("N/A")
+        cls.result_line.append("N/A")
+        cls.result_line.append("N/A")
+        cls.result_line.append("N/A")
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.client = APIClient()
+        self.user = get_user_model().objects.create_user(username='john', email='jlennon@beatles.com',
+                                                         password='glass onion', is_active=True)
+        self.client.force_authenticate(user=self.user)
+        print('there are ' + str(Project.objects.count()) + ' projects in the database')
+        print('there are ' + str(User.objects.count()) + ' users in the database')
+
+    @classmethod
+    def tearDownClass(cls):
+        import csv
+        with open('perf_result.csv', 'a', newline='') as csvfile:
+            writer = csv.writer(csvfile, delimiter=',',
+                                    quotechar='|', quoting=csv.QUOTE_MINIMAL)
+            writer.writerow(cls.result_line)
+
+    def test_get_resource(self):
+        times = []
+
+        for post in self.posts:
+            start_time = time.time()
+            response = self.client.get('/posts/{}/'.format(post.pk), content_type='application/ld+json')
+            end_time = time.time()
+            times.append(end_time - start_time)
+
+        self.result_line[5] = str(mean(times))
+        print("Variance execution time :" + str(variance(times)))
+
+    def test_get_container(self):
+        times = []
+
+        for post in self.posts:
+            start_time = time.time()
+            response = self.client.get('/posts/', content_type='application/ld+json')
+            end_time = time.time()
+            times.append(end_time - start_time)
+
+        self.result_line[6] = str(mean(times))
+        print("Variance execution time :" + str(variance(times)))
+
+    def test_get_filtered_fields(self):
+        times = []
+
+        for job in self.jobs:
+            start_time = time.time()
+            response = self.client.get('/job-offers/{}/'.format(job.slug), content_type='application/ld+json')
+            end_time = time.time()
+            times.append(end_time - start_time)
+
+        self.result_line[7] = str(mean(times))
+
+        print("Variance execution time :" + str(variance(times)))
+
+    def test_get_reverse_filtered_fields(self):
+        times = []
+
+        for skill in self.skills:
+            start_time = time.time()
+            response = self.client.get('/skills/{}/'.format(skill.slug), content_type='application/ld+json')
+            end_time = time.time()
+            times.append(end_time - start_time)
+
+        self.result_line[8] = str(mean(times))
+        print("Variance execution time :" + str(variance(times)))
+
+    def test_get_nested(self):
+        times = []
+
+        for job in self.jobs:
+            start_time = time.time()
+            response = self.client.get('/jobs/{}/skills'.format(job.slug), content_type='application/ld+json')
+            end_time = time.time()
+            times.append(end_time - start_time)
+
+        self.result_line[9] = str(mean(times))
+        print("Variance execution time :" + str(variance(times)))
+
+    def _print_stats(self, pr):
+        s = io.StringIO()
+        ps = pstats.Stats(pr, stream=s)
+        ps.sort_stats('time').print_stats(50)
+        print(s.getvalue())
+
+    def _enable_new_profiler(self):
+        pr = cProfile.Profile()
+        pr.enable()
+        return pr
+
+    def test_get_users_container(self):
+        pr = self._enable_new_profiler()
+        response = self.client.get('/projects/', content_type='application/ld+json')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+        print('counted ' + str(len(response.data['ldp:contains'])) + ' projects')
+        pr.disable()
+        self._print_stats(pr)
+
+        pr = self._enable_new_profiler()
+        start_time = time.time()
+        response = self.client.get('/users/', content_type='application/ld+json')
+        end_time = time.time()
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+        print('counted ' + str(len(response.data['ldp:contains'])) + ' users')
+        self.result_line[10] = str(end_time-start_time)
+        pr.disable()
+        self._print_stats(pr)
+

djangoldp/tests/tests_performance.py

+from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
+from rest_framework.test import APIClient, APITestCase
+from djangoldp.tests.models import User, Project
+import cProfile, pstats, io
+
+
+class TestPerformance(APITestCase):
+    fixtures = ['test.json',]
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.client = APIClient()
+        self.user = get_user_model().objects.create_user(username='john', email='jlennon@beatles.com',
+                                                         password='glass onion')
+        self.client.force_authenticate(user=self.user)
+        print('there are ' + str(Project.objects.count()) + ' projects in the database')
+        print('there are ' + str(User.objects.count()) + ' users in the database')
+
+    def _print_stats(self, pr):
+        s = io.StringIO()
+        ps = pstats.Stats(pr, stream=s)
+        ps.print_stats()
+        print(s.getvalue())
+
+    def _enable_new_profiler(self):
+        pr = cProfile.Profile()
+        pr.enable()
+        return pr
+
+    def test_get_container(self):
+        pr = self._enable_new_profiler()
+        response = self.client.get('/projects/', content_type='application/ld+json')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+        print('counted ' + str(len(response.data['ldp:contains'])) + ' projects')
+        pr.disable()
+        self._print_stats(pr)
+
+        pr = self._enable_new_profiler()
+        response = self.client.get('/users/', content_type='application/ld+json')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+        print('counted ' + str(len(response.data['ldp:contains'])) + ' users')
+        pr.disable()
+        self._print_stats(pr)

djangoldp/tests/tests_permissions.py

+import json
+from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
+from django.contrib.auth.models import Permission
+from guardian.models import GroupObjectPermission
+from rest_framework.test import APIRequestFactory, APIClient, APITestCase
+from djangoldp.tests.models import AnonymousReadOnlyPost, AuthenticatedOnlyPost, ReadOnlyPost, DoubleInheritModel, \
+    ReadAndCreatePost, OwnedResource, RestrictedCircle, RestrictedResource, ANDPermissionsDummy, ORPermissionsDummy
+
+class TestPermissions(APITestCase):
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.factory = APIRequestFactory()
+        self.client = APIClient()
+
+    def authenticate(self):
+        self.user = get_user_model().objects.create_user(username='random', email='random@user.com', password='Imrandom')
+        self.client = APIClient(enforce_csrf_checks=True)
+        self.client.force_authenticate(user=self.user)
+
+    def check_can_add(self, url, status_code=201, field='content', extra_content={}):
+        data = extra_content
+        extra_content[f"https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#{field}"] = "new post"
+        response = self.client.post(url, data=json.dumps(data), content_type='application/ld+json')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status_code)
+        if status_code == 201:
+            self.assertIn('@id', response.data)
+            return response.data['@id']
+    
+    def check_can_change(self, id, status_code=200, field='content'):
+        data = { f"https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#{field}": "changed post" }
+        response = self.client.put(id, data=json.dumps(data), content_type='application/ld+json')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status_code)
+        if status_code == 200:
+            self.assertIn('@id', response.data)
+            self.assertEqual(response.data['@id'], id)
+        
+    def check_can_view_one(self, id, status_code=200):
+        response = self.client.get(id, content_type='application/ld+json')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status_code)
+        if status_code == 200:
+            self.assertEqual(response.data['@id'], id)
+
+    def check_can_view(self, url, ids, status_code=200):
+        response = self.client.get(url, content_type='application/ld+json')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status_code)
+        if status_code == 200:
+            self.assertEqual(len(response.data['ldp:contains']), len(ids))
+            for resource, id in zip(response.data['ldp:contains'], ids):
+                self.assertEqual(resource['@id'], id)
+        for id in ids:
+            self.check_can_view_one(id, status_code)
+        
+
+    def test_permissionless_model(self):
+        id = self.check_can_add('/posts/')
+        self.check_can_view('/posts/', [id])
+
+    def test_anonymous_readonly(self):
+        post = AnonymousReadOnlyPost.objects.create(content = "test post")
+        self.check_can_view('/anonymousreadonlyposts/', [post.urlid])
+        self.check_can_add('/anonymousreadonlyposts/', 403)
+        self.check_can_change(post.urlid, 403)
+
+        self.authenticate()
+        self.check_can_add('/anonymousreadonlyposts/')
+        self.check_can_change(post.urlid)
+    
+    def test_authenticated_only(self):
+        post = AuthenticatedOnlyPost.objects.create(content = "test post")
+        self.check_can_view('/authenticatedonlyposts/', [post.urlid], 403)
+        self.check_can_add('/authenticatedonlyposts/', 403)
+        self.check_can_change(post.urlid, 403)
+        post.delete()
+
+        self.authenticate()
+        #When authenticated it should behave like a non protected model
+        id = self.check_can_add('/authenticatedonlyposts/')
+        self.check_can_view('/authenticatedonlyposts/', [id])
+        self.check_can_change(id)
+
+    def test_readonly(self):
+        post = ReadOnlyPost.objects.create(content = "test post")
+        self.check_can_view('/readonlyposts/', [post.urlid])
+        self.check_can_add('/readonlyposts/', 403)
+        self.check_can_change(post.urlid, 403)
+
+    def test_readandcreate(self):
+        post = ReadAndCreatePost.objects.create(content = "test post")
+        self.check_can_view('/readandcreateposts/', [post.urlid])
+        self.check_can_add('/readandcreateposts/')
+        self.check_can_change(post.urlid, 403)
+        
+    def test_owner_permissions(self):
+        self.authenticate()
+        them = get_user_model().objects.create_user(username='them', email='them@user.com', password='itstheirsecret')
+        mine = OwnedResource.objects.create(description="Mine!", user=self.user)
+        theirs = OwnedResource.objects.create(description="Theirs", user=them)
+        noones = OwnedResource.objects.create(description="I belong to NO ONE!")
+        self.check_can_view('/ownedresources/', [mine.urlid]) #checks I can access mine and only mine
+        self.check_can_change(mine.urlid)
+        self.check_can_view_one(theirs.urlid, 404)
+        self.check_can_change(theirs.urlid, 404)
+        self.check_can_view_one(noones.urlid, 404)
+        self.check_can_change(noones.urlid, 404)
+
+
+    def check_permissions(self, obj, group, required_perms):
+        perms = GroupObjectPermission.objects.filter(group=group)
+        for perm in perms:
+            self.assertEqual(perm.content_type.model, obj._meta.model_name)
+            self.assertEqual(perm.object_pk, str(obj.pk))
+        self.assertEqual(set(perms.values_list('permission__codename', flat=True)),
+                         {f'{perm}_{obj._meta.model_name}' for perm in required_perms})
+    
+    def create_circles(self):
+        self.authenticate()
+        self.user.user_permissions.add(Permission.objects.get(codename='view_restrictedcircle'))
+        them = get_user_model().objects.create_user(username='them', email='them@user.com', password='itstheirsecret')
+        mine = RestrictedCircle.objects.create(name="mine", description="Mine!", owner=self.user)
+        theirs = RestrictedCircle.objects.create(name="theirs", description="Theirs", owner=them)
+        noones = RestrictedCircle.objects.create(name="no one's", description="I belong to NO ONE!")
+        return mine, theirs, noones
+
+    def test_role_permissions(self):
+        mine, theirs, noones = self.create_circles()
+        self.assertIn(self.user, mine.members.user_set.all())
+        self.assertIn(self.user, mine.admins.user_set.all())
+        self.assertNotIn(self.user, theirs.members.user_set.all())
+        self.assertNotIn(self.user, theirs.admins.user_set.all())
+        self.assertNotIn(self.user, noones.members.user_set.all())
+        self.assertNotIn(self.user, noones.admins.user_set.all())
+
+        self.check_can_view('/restrictedcircles/', [mine.urlid]) #check filtering
+
+        self.check_permissions(mine, mine.members, RestrictedCircle._meta.permission_roles['members']['perms'])
+        self.check_permissions(mine, mine.admins, RestrictedCircle._meta.permission_roles['admins']['perms'])
+
+    def test_inherit_permissions(self):
+        mine, theirs, noones = self.create_circles()
+        myresource = RestrictedResource.objects.create(content="mine", circle=mine)
+        their_resource = RestrictedResource.objects.create(content="theirs", circle=theirs)
+        noones_resource  = RestrictedResource.objects.create(content="noones", circle=noones)
+
+        self.check_can_view('/restrictedresources/', [myresource.urlid])
+        self.check_can_change(myresource.urlid)
+        self.check_can_change(their_resource.urlid, 404)
+        self.check_can_change(noones_resource.urlid, 404)
+
+    def test_inherit_several_permissions(self):
+        mine, theirs, noones = self.create_circles()
+        ro_resource = ReadOnlyPost.objects.create(content="read only")
+        myresource = DoubleInheritModel.objects.create(content="mine", circle=mine, ro_ancestor=None)
+        some = DoubleInheritModel.objects.create(content="some", circle=theirs, ro_ancestor=ro_resource)
+        other = DoubleInheritModel.objects.create(content="other", circle=noones, ro_ancestor=None)
+
+        self.check_can_view('/doubleinheritmodels/', [myresource.urlid, some.urlid])
+        self.check_can_change(myresource.urlid)
+        self.check_can_change(some.urlid, 403)
+        self.check_can_change(other.urlid, 404)
+
+    def test_inherit_permissions_none(self):
+        id = self.check_can_add('/doubleinheritmodels/')
+        resource = DoubleInheritModel.objects.get(urlid=id)
+        self.check_can_view('/doubleinheritmodels/', [resource.urlid])
+
+        circle = RestrictedCircle.objects.create()
+        id = self.check_can_add('/doubleinheritmodels/', 404, extra_content={'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#circle': {'@id': circle.urlid}})
+
+    
+    def test_and_permissions(self):
+        self.authenticate()
+        abc = ANDPermissionsDummy.objects.create(title='ABC')
+        youpi = ANDPermissionsDummy.objects.create(title='youpi woopaa')
+        wonder = ANDPermissionsDummy.objects.create(title='A Wonderful World!!')
+        plop = ANDPermissionsDummy.objects.create(title='plop')
+        self.check_can_view('/andpermissionsdummys/', [wonder.urlid], 403)
+        self.check_can_add('/andpermissionsdummys/', 403, field='title')
+        self.check_can_change(wonder.urlid, 403, field='title')
+
+        self.user.username = 'toto'
+        self.user.save()
+        self.check_can_view('/andpermissionsdummys/', [wonder.urlid])
+        self.check_can_view_one(abc.urlid, 404)
+        self.check_can_view_one(youpi.urlid, 404)
+        self.check_can_view_one(plop.urlid, 404)
+        self.check_can_add('/andpermissionsdummys/', 403, field='title')
+        self.check_can_change(wonder.urlid, 403, field='title')
+        self.check_can_change(youpi.urlid, 403, field='title')
+
+    def test_or_permissions(self):
+        self.authenticate()
+        abc = ORPermissionsDummy.objects.create(title='ABC')
+        youpi = ORPermissionsDummy.objects.create(title='youpi woopaa')
+        wonder = ORPermissionsDummy.objects.create(title='A Wonderful World!!')
+        plop = ORPermissionsDummy.objects.create(title='plop')
+        self.check_can_view('/orpermissionsdummys/', [abc.urlid, wonder.urlid])
+        self.check_can_add('/andpermissionsdummys/', 403, field='title')
+        self.check_can_change(wonder.urlid, 403, field='title')
+
+        self.user.username = 'toto'
+        self.user.save()
+        self.check_can_view('/orpermissionsdummys/', [abc.urlid, youpi.urlid, wonder.urlid])
+        self.check_can_view_one(plop.urlid, 404)
+        self.check_can_add('/orpermissionsdummys/', field='title')
+        self.check_can_change(wonder.urlid, field='title')
+        self.check_can_change(plop.urlid, 404, field='title')
\ No newline at end of file

djangoldp/tests/tests_save.py → djangoldp/tests/tests_post.py

 from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
 from django.test import TestCase
-from rest_framework.test import APIRequestFactory, APIClient
+from rest_framework.test import APIClient, APIRequestFactory
 from rest_framework.utils import json
 
 from djangoldp.models import Model
-from djangoldp.serializers import LDPSerializer
-from djangoldp.tests.models import Skill, JobOffer, Invoice, LDPDummy, Resource, Post, Circle, Project
+from djangoldp.tests.models import (Circle, Invoice, LDPDummy, Post, Project,
+                                    Resource, Space)
 
 
-class Save(TestCase):
+class PostTestCase(TestCase):
 
     def setUp(self):
         self.factory = APIRequestFactory()
@@ -17,163 +17,18 @@ class Save(TestCase):
                                                          password='glass onion')
         self.client.force_authenticate(self.user)
 
-    def tearDown(self):
-        pass
-
-    def test_save_m2m_graph_with_many_nested(self):
-        invoice = {
-            "@graph": [
-                {
-                    "@id": "./",
-                    "batches": {"@id": "_:b381"},
-                    "title": "Nouvelle facture",
-                    "date": ""
-                },
-                {
-                    "@id": "_:b381",
-                    "tasks": {"@id": "_:b382"},
-                    "title": "Batch 1"
-                },
-                {
-                    "@id": "_:b382",
-                    "title": "Tache 1"
-                }
-            ]
-        }
-
-        meta_args = {'model': Invoice, 'depth': 2, 'fields': ("@id", "title", "batches", "date")}
-
-        meta_class = type('Meta', (), meta_args)
-        serializer_class = type(LDPSerializer)('InvoiceSerializer', (LDPSerializer,), {'Meta': meta_class})
-        serializer = serializer_class(data=invoice)
-        serializer.is_valid()
-        result = serializer.save()
-
-        self.assertEquals(result.title, "Nouvelle facture")
-        self.assertIs(result.batches.count(), 1)
-        self.assertEquals(result.batches.all()[0].title, "Batch 1")
-        self.assertIs(result.batches.all()[0].tasks.count(), 1)
-        self.assertEquals(result.batches.all()[0].tasks.all()[0].title, "Tache 1")
-
-    def test_save_m2m(self):
-        skill1 = Skill.objects.create(title="skill1", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="slug1")
-        skill2 = Skill.objects.create(title="skill2", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="slug2")
-
-        job = {"title": "job test",
-               "slug": "slug1",
-               "skills": {
-                   "ldp:contains": [
-                       {"@id": "https://happy-dev.fr/skills/{}/".format(skill1.slug)},
-                       {"@id": "https://happy-dev.fr/skills/{}/".format(skill2.slug), "title": "skill2 UP"},
-                       {"title": "skill3", "obligatoire": "obligatoire", "slug": "slug3"},
-                   ]}
-               }
-
-        meta_args = {'model': JobOffer, 'depth': 2, 'fields': ("@id", "title", "skills", "slug")}
-
-        meta_class = type('Meta', (), meta_args)
-        serializer_class = type(LDPSerializer)('JobOfferSerializer', (LDPSerializer,), {'Meta': meta_class})
-        serializer = serializer_class(data=job)
-        serializer.is_valid()
-        result = serializer.save()
-
-        self.assertEquals(result.title, "job test")
-        self.assertIs(result.skills.count(), 3)
-        self.assertEquals(result.skills.all()[0].title, "skill1")  # no change
-        self.assertEquals(result.skills.all()[1].title, "skill2 UP")  # title updated
-        self.assertEquals(result.skills.all()[2].title, "skill3")  # creation on the fly
-
-    def test_save_m2m_graph_simple(self):
-        job = {"@graph": [
-            {"title": "job test", "slug": "slugjob",
-             },
-        ]}
-
-        meta_args = {'model': JobOffer, 'depth': 2, 'fields': ("@id", "title", "skills", "slug")}
-
-        meta_class = type('Meta', (), meta_args)
-        serializer_class = type(LDPSerializer)('JobOfferSerializer', (LDPSerializer,), {'Meta': meta_class})
-        serializer = serializer_class(data=job)
-        serializer.is_valid()
-        result = serializer.save()
-
-        self.assertEquals(result.title, "job test")
-        self.assertIs(result.skills.count(), 0)
-
-    def test_save_m2m_graph_with_nested(self):
-        skill1 = Skill.objects.create(title="skill1", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="a")
-        skill2 = Skill.objects.create(title="skill2", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="b")
-
-        job = {"@graph": [
-            {"title": "job test",
-             "slug": "slugj",
-             "skills": {"@id": "_.123"}
-             },
-            {"@id": "_.123", "title": "skill3 NEW", "obligatoire": "obligatoire", "slug": "skill3"},
-        ]}
-
-        meta_args = {'model': JobOffer, 'depth': 2, 'fields': ("@id", "title", "skills", "slug")}
-
-        meta_class = type('Meta', (), meta_args)
-        serializer_class = type(LDPSerializer)('JobOfferSerializer', (LDPSerializer,), {'Meta': meta_class})
-        serializer = serializer_class(data=job)
-        serializer.is_valid()
-        result = serializer.save()
-
-        self.assertEquals(result.title, "job test")
-        self.assertIs(result.skills.count(), 1)
-        self.assertEquals(result.skills.all()[0].title, "skill3 NEW")  # creation on the fly
-
-    def test_save_without_nested_fields(self):
-        skill1 = Skill.objects.create(title="skill1", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="a")
-        skill2 = Skill.objects.create(title="skill2", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="b")
-        job = {"title": "job test", "slug": "c"}
-
-        meta_args = {'model': JobOffer, 'depth': 2, 'fields': ("@id", "title", "skills", "slug")}
-
-        meta_class = type('Meta', (), meta_args)
-        serializer_class = type(LDPSerializer)('JobOfferSerializer', (LDPSerializer,), {'Meta': meta_class})
-        serializer = serializer_class(data=job)
-        serializer.is_valid()
-        result = serializer.save()
-
-        self.assertEquals(result.title, "job test")
-        self.assertIs(result.skills.count(), 0)
-
-    def test_save_on_sub_iri(self):
-        """
-            POST /job-offers/1/skills/
-        """
-        job = JobOffer.objects.create(title="job test")
-        skill = {"title": "new SKILL"}
-
-        meta_args = {'model': Skill, 'depth': 2, 'fields': ("@id", "title")}
-
-        meta_class = type('Meta', (), meta_args)
-        serializer_class = type(LDPSerializer)('SkillSerializer', (LDPSerializer,), {'Meta': meta_class})
-        serializer = serializer_class(data=skill)
-        serializer.is_valid()
-        kwargs = {}
-        kwargs['joboffer'] = job
-        result = serializer.save(**kwargs)
-
-        self.assertEquals(result.title, "new SKILL")
-        self.assertIs(result.joboffer_set.count(), 1)
-        self.assertEquals(result.joboffer_set.get(), job)
-        self.assertIs(result.joboffer_set.get().skills.count(), 1)
-
     def test_save_fk_graph_with_nested(self):
         post = {
             '@graph': [
                 {
-                    'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#title': "title",
-                    'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#invoice': {
+                    'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#title': "title",
+                    'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#invoice': {
                         '@id': "_.123"
                     }
                 },
                 {
                     '@id': "_.123",
-                    'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#title': "title 2"
+                    'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#title': "title 2"
                 }
             ]
         }
@@ -181,17 +36,17 @@ class Save(TestCase):
         response = self.client.post('/batchs/', data=json.dumps(post), content_type='application/ld+json')
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 201)
         self.assertNotIn('author', response.data)
-        self.assertEquals(response.data['title'], "title")
-        self.assertEquals(response.data['invoice']['title'], "title 2")
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['title'], "title")
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['invoice']['title'], "title 2")
 
     def test_save_fk_graph_with_existing_nested(self):
         invoice = Invoice.objects.create(title="title 3")
         post = {
             '@graph': [
                 {
-                    'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#title': "title",
-                    'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#invoice': {
-                        '@id': "https://happy-dev.fr{}{}/".format(Model.container_id(invoice), invoice.id)
+                    'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#title': "title",
+                    'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#invoice': {
+                        '@id': "http://happy-dev.fr{}{}/".format(Model.container_id(invoice), invoice.id)
                     }
                 }
             ]
@@ -200,27 +55,27 @@ class Save(TestCase):
         response = self.client.post('/batchs/', data=json.dumps(post), content_type='application/ld+json')
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 201)
         self.assertNotIn('author', response.data)
-        self.assertEquals(response.data['title'], "title")
-        self.assertEquals(response.data['invoice']['title'], "title 3")
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['title'], "title")
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['invoice']['title'], "title 3")
 
     def test_post_should_accept_missing_field_id_nullable(self):
-        body = [
-            {
-                '@id': "./",
-                'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#content': "post update",
-            }
-        ]
-        response = self.client.post('/posts/', data=json.dumps(body),
-                                    content_type='application/ld+json')
-        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 201)
-        self.assertIn('peer_user', response.data)
+            body = [
+                {
+                    '@id': "./",
+                    'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#content': "post update",
+                }
+            ]
+            response = self.client.post('/posts/', data=json.dumps(body),
+                                        content_type='application/ld+json')
+            self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 201)
+            self.assertIn('peer_user', response.data)
 
     def test_post_should_accept_empty_field_if_nullable(self):
         body = [
             {
                 '@id': "./",
-                'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#content': "post update",
-                'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#peer_user': ""
+                'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#content': "post update",
+                'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#peer_user': ""
             }
         ]
         response = self.client.post('/posts/', data=json.dumps(body),
@@ -234,17 +89,17 @@ class Save(TestCase):
         body = [
             {
                 '@id': "_:b216",
-                'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#description': "user update",
-                'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#ddummy': {
-                    "@id": "https://happy-dev.fr{}{}/".format(Model.container_id(dummy), dummy.id)
+                'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#description': "user update",
+                'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#ddummy': {
+                    "@id": "http://happy-dev.fr{}{}/".format(Model.container_id(dummy), dummy.id)
                 }
             },
             {
                 '@id': './',
-                "http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#first_name": "Alexandre",
-                "http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#last_name": "Bourlier",
-                "http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#username": "alex",
-                'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#userprofile': {'@id': "_:b216"}
+                "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#first_name": "Alexandre",
+                "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#last_name": "Bourlier",
+                "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#username": "alex",
+                'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#userprofile': {'@id': "_:b216"}
             }
         ]
         response = self.client.post('/users/', data=json.dumps(body),
@@ -262,7 +117,7 @@ class Save(TestCase):
                 }
             ],
             '@context': {
-                "@vocab": "http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#",
+                "@vocab": "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#",
             }
         }
         response = self.client.post('/posts/', data=json.dumps(body),
@@ -272,31 +127,46 @@ class Save(TestCase):
     def test_nested_container(self):
         resource = Resource.objects.create()
         body = {
-            'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#title': "new job",
-            'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#slug': "job1",
+            'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#title': "new job",
+            'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#slug': "job1",
         }
 
         response = self.client.post('/resources/{}/joboffers/'.format(resource.pk),
                                     data=json.dumps(body),
                                     content_type='application/ld+json')
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 201)
-        self.assertEqual(response.data['resources']['ldp:contains'][0]['@id'],
-                         "http://testserver/resources/{}/".format(resource.pk))
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['resources']['ldp:contains'][0]['@id'], resource.urlid)
         self.assertEqual(response.data['title'], "new job")
 
+
+    def test_nested_container_bis(self):
+        invoice = Invoice.objects.create()
+        body = {
+            'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#title': "new batch",
+        }
+
+        response = self.client.post('/invoices/{}/batches/'.format(invoice.pk),
+                                    data=json.dumps(body),
+                                    content_type='application/ld+json')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 201)
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['invoice']['@id'],
+                         "http://happy-dev.fr/invoices/{}/".format(invoice.pk))
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['title'], "new batch")
+
     def test_nested_container_federated(self):
         resource = Resource.objects.create()
         body = {
-            'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#@id': "http://external.job/job/1",
+            'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#@id': "http://external.job/job/1",
         }
 
         response = self.client.post('/resources/{}/joboffers/'.format(resource.pk),
                                     data=json.dumps(body),
                                     content_type='application/ld+json')
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 201)
-        self.assertEqual(response.data['resources']['ldp:contains'][0]['@id'],
-                         "http://testserver/resources/{}/".format(resource.pk))
         self.assertEqual(response.data['@id'], "http://external.job/job/1")
+        self.assertIn('@type', response.data)
+        response = self.client.get('/resources/{}/'.format(resource.pk))
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['joboffers']['ldp:contains'][0]['@id'], "http://external.job/job/1")
 
     def test_embedded_context_2(self):
         body = {
@@ -304,7 +174,7 @@ class Save(TestCase):
             'content': "post update",
             'peer_user': "",
             '@context': {
-                "@vocab": "http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#",
+                "@vocab": "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#",
             }
         }
 
@@ -318,7 +188,7 @@ class Save(TestCase):
             'content': "post update",
             'peer_user': "",
             '@context': {
-                "@vocab": "http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#",
+                "@vocab": "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#",
             }
         }
 
@@ -328,16 +198,93 @@ class Save(TestCase):
         saved_post = Post.objects.get(pk=1)
         self.assertEqual(saved_post.urlid, "http://happy-dev.fr/posts/1/")
 
+    def test_save_invalid_nested_user(self):
+        body = {
+            '@id': "./",
+            'content': "post update",
+            'peer_user': {'none': None},
+            '@context': {
+                "@vocab": "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#",
+            }
+        }
+
+        response = self.client.post('/posts/', data=json.dumps(body),
+                                    content_type='application/ld+json')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 400)
+
     def test_nested_container_user_federated(self):
         project = Project.objects.create()
         body = {
-            'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#@id': "http://external.user/user/1/",
+            'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#@id': "http://external.user/user/1/",
         }
 
-        response = self.client.post('/projects/{}/team/'.format(project.pk),
+        response = self.client.post('/projects/{}/members/'.format(project.pk),
                                     data=json.dumps(body),
                                     content_type='application/ld+json')
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 201)
-        self.assertEqual(response.data['projects']['ldp:contains'][0]['@id'],
-                         "http://testserver/projects/{}/".format(project.pk))
         self.assertEqual(response.data['@id'], "http://external.user/user/1/")
+        self.assertIn('@type', response.data)
+        response = self.client.get('/projects/{}/'.format(project.pk))
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['members']['ldp:contains'][0]['@id'], "http://external.user/user/1/")
+
+    #  https://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/#value-objects
+    def test_post_field_with_value_object(self):
+        post = {
+            'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#title': {
+                '@value': "title",
+                '@language': "en"
+            }
+        }
+        response = self.client.post('/invoices/', data=json.dumps(post), content_type='application/ld+json')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 201)
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['title'], "title")
+
+    # from JSON-LD spec: "The value associated with the @value key MUST be either a string, a number, true, false or null"
+    def test_save_field_with_invalid_value_object(self):
+        invoice = Invoice.objects.create(title="title 3")
+        post = {
+            'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#invoice': {
+                '@value': {'title': 'title',
+                           '@id': "http://happy-dev.fr{}{}/".format(Model.container_id(invoice), invoice.id)}
+            }
+        }
+        response = self.client.post('/batchs/', data=json.dumps(post), content_type='application/ld+json')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 400)
+
+    # TODO: bug with PyLD: https://github.com/digitalbazaar/pyld/issues/142
+    # from JSON-LD spec: "If the value associated with the @type key is @json, the value MAY be either an array or an object"
+    '''
+    def test_save_field_with_object_value_object(self):
+        invoice = Invoice.objects.create(title="title 3")
+        post = {
+            'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#invoice': {
+                '@value': {'title': 'title', '@id': "http://happy-dev.fr{}{}/".format(Model.container_id(invoice), invoice.id)},
+                '@type': '@json'
+            }
+        }
+        response = self.client.post('/batchs/', data=json.dumps(post), content_type='application/ld+json')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 201)
+    '''
+
+    # the below test is necessary because of an obscure bug where the OneToOne field is successfully applied
+    # during the life of the serializer (and response) but is not persisted in the database,
+    # when it is posted onto the reverse relation
+    def test_one_to_one_field_reverse_post(self):
+        self.assertEqual(Circle.objects.count(), 0)
+        self.assertEqual(Space.objects.count(), 0)
+
+        body = {
+            '@context': {'@vocab': "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#" },
+            'space': {'name': "Etablissement"}
+        }
+
+        response = self.client.post('/circles/', data=json.dumps(body), content_type='application/ld+json')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 201)
+        self.assertEqual(Circle.objects.count(), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(Space.objects.count(), 1)
+
+        circle = Circle.objects.all()[0]
+        space = circle.space
+
+        self.assertIsNotNone(space)
+        self.assertIsNotNone(space.circle)

djangoldp/tests/tests_settings.py

+from django.conf import settings
+from django.test import TestCase
+
+class TestSettings(TestCase):
+
+    def test_inexistent_returns_default(self):
+        """Assert a inexistent key returns the provided default value."""
+        assert getattr(settings, 'INEXISTENT', 'something') == 'something'
+
+    def test_only_in_core_config(self):
+        """Asserts values defined only in core config."""
+        assert settings.DEBUG == False
+
+    def test_only_in_package(self):
+        """Asserts default settings defined in the package."""
+        assert settings.MYPACKAGEVAR == "ok"
+
+    def test_only_in_user_config(self):
+        """Asserts LDP packages are loaded from YAML file."""
+        assert 'djangoldp.tests' in settings.DJANGOLDP_PACKAGES
+
+    def test_overrided_core_by_package_config(self):
+        assert settings.USE_I18N == False
+
+    def test_overrided_package_by_user_config(self):
+        assert settings.USE_TZ == False
+
+    def test_overrided_core_by_user_config(self):
+        """Asserts values overrided from user configuration."""
+        assert settings.EMAIL_HOST == 'somewhere'
+
+    def test_installed_apps_resolution(self):
+        """Asserts LDP packages are referenced along with default installed apps."""
+        # test inclusion from server YAML settings
+        assert 'djangoldp.tests' in settings.INSTALLED_APPS
+        # test inclusion from ldppackage settings
+        assert 'djangoldp.tests.dummy.apps.DummyConfig' in settings.INSTALLED_APPS
+        # test inclusion from default core settings
+        assert 'djangoldp' in settings.INSTALLED_APPS
+        # test deduplication of dummy app
+        assert settings.INSTALLED_APPS.count('djangoldp.tests.dummy.apps.DummyConfig') == 1
+
+        # FIXME: We should check the order
+
+    def test_reference_middleware(self):
+        """Asserts middlewares added in packages are added to the settings."""
+        assert 'djangoldp.tests.dummy.middleware.DummyMiddleware' in settings.MIDDLEWARE
+
+    def test_extra_module(self):
+        #FIXME
+        pass

djangoldp/tests/tests_temp.py

-import json
-
-from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
-from django.test import TestCase
-from rest_framework.test import APIRequestFactory, APIClient
-
-from djangoldp.models import LDPSource
-
-
-class TestTemp(TestCase):
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        self.factory = APIRequestFactory()
-        self.client = APIClient()
-        self.user = get_user_model().objects.create_user(username='john', email='jlennon@beatles.com', password='glass onion')
-        self.client.force_authenticate(self.user)
-
-    def tearDown(self):
-        pass
-

djangoldp/tests/tests_update.py

 import uuid
+
+from django.conf import settings
 from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
 from django.test import TestCase
-from rest_framework.test import APIRequestFactory, APIClient
+from rest_framework.test import APIClient, APIRequestFactory
 from rest_framework.utils import json
 
-from djangoldp.serializers import LDPSerializer
-from djangoldp.tests.models import Post, UserProfile, Resource, Circle
-from djangoldp.tests.models import Skill, JobOffer, Conversation, Message, Project
+from djangoldp.tests.models import (Batch, Conversation, Invoice, JobOffer,
+                                    NotificationSetting, Project, Resource,
+                                    Skill, Task, UserProfile)
 
 
 class Update(TestCase):
@@ -18,265 +20,60 @@ class Update(TestCase):
                                                          password='glass onion')
         self.client.force_authenticate(user=self.user)
 
-    def tearDown(self):
-        pass
-
-    def test_update(self):
-        skill = Skill.objects.create(title="to drop", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="slug1")
-        skill1 = Skill.objects.create(title="skill1", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="slug2")
-        skill2 = Skill.objects.create(title="skill2", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="slug3")
-        job1 = JobOffer.objects.create(title="job test")
-        job1.skills.add(skill)
-
-        job = {"@id": "https://happy-dev.fr/job-offers/{}/".format(job1.slug),
-               "title": "job test updated",
-               "skills": {
-                   "ldp:contains": [
-                       {"title": "new skill", "obligatoire": "okay"},
-                       {"@id": "https://happy-dev.fr/skills/{}/".format(skill1.slug)},
-                       {"@id": "https://happy-dev.fr/skills/{}/".format(skill2.slug), "title": "skill2 UP"},
-                   ]}
-               }
-
-        meta_args = {'model': JobOffer, 'depth': 2, 'fields': ("@id", "title", "skills")}
-
-        meta_class = type('Meta', (), meta_args)
-        serializer_class = type(LDPSerializer)('JobOfferSerializer', (LDPSerializer,), {'Meta': meta_class})
-        serializer = serializer_class(data=job, instance=job1)
-        serializer.is_valid()
-        result = serializer.save()
-
-        self.assertEquals(result.title, "job test updated")
-        self.assertIs(result.skills.count(), 3)
-        skills = result.skills.all().order_by('title')
-        self.assertEquals(skills[0].title, "new skill")  # new skill
-        self.assertEquals(skills[1].title, "skill1")  # no change
-        self.assertEquals(skills[2].title, "skill2 UP")  # title updated
-
-    def test_update_graph(self):
-        skill = Skill.objects.create(title="to drop", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="slug1")
-        skill1 = Skill.objects.create(title="skill1", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="slug2")
-        skill2 = Skill.objects.create(title="skill2", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="slug3")
-        job1 = JobOffer.objects.create(title="job test", slug="slug4")
-        job1.skills.add(skill)
-
-        job = {"@graph":
-            [
-                {
-                    "@id": "https://happy-dev.fr/job-offers/{}/".format(job1.slug),
-                    "title": "job test updated",
-                    "skills": {
-                        "ldp:contains": [
-                            {"@id": "https://happy-dev.fr/skills/{}/".format(skill1.slug)},
-                            {"@id": "https://happy-dev.fr/skills/{}/".format(skill2.slug)},
-                            {"@id": "_.123"},
-                        ]}
-                },
-                {
-                    "@id": "_.123",
-                    "title": "new skill",
-                    "obligatoire": "okay"
-                },
-                {
-                    "@id": "https://happy-dev.fr/skills/{}/".format(skill1.slug),
-                },
-                {
-                    "@id": "https://happy-dev.fr/skills/{}/".format(skill2.slug),
-                    "title": "skill2 UP"
-                }
-            ]
-        }
-
-        meta_args = {'model': JobOffer, 'depth': 2, 'fields': ("@id", "title", "skills")}
-
-        meta_class = type('Meta', (), meta_args)
-        serializer_class = type(LDPSerializer)('JobOfferSerializer', (LDPSerializer,), {'Meta': meta_class})
-        serializer = serializer_class(data=job, instance=job1)
-        serializer.is_valid()
-        result = serializer.save()
-
-        skills = result.skills.all().order_by('title')
-
-        self.assertEquals(result.title, "job test updated")
-        self.assertIs(result.skills.count(), 3)
-        self.assertEquals(skills[0].title, "new skill")  # new skill
-        self.assertEquals(skills[1].title, "skill1")  # no change
-        self.assertEquals(skills[2].title, "skill2 UP")  # title updated
-
-    def test_update_graph_2(self):
-        skill = Skill.objects.create(title="to drop", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="slug")
-        skill1 = Skill.objects.create(title="skill1", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="slug1")
-        skill2 = Skill.objects.create(title="skill2", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="slug2")
-        job1 = JobOffer.objects.create(title="job test", slug="slug1")
-        job1.skills.add(skill)
-
-        job = {"@graph":
-            [
-                {
-                    "@id": "https://happy-dev.fr/job-offers/{}/".format(job1.slug),
-                    "title": "job test updated",
-                    "skills": {
-                        "@id": "https://happy-dev.fr/job-offers/{}/skills/".format(job1.slug)
-                    }
-                },
-                {
-                    "@id": "_.123",
-                    "title": "new skill",
-                    "obligatoire": "okay"
-                },
-                {
-                    "@id": "https://happy-dev.fr/skills/{}/".format(skill1.slug),
-                },
-                {
-                    "@id": "https://happy-dev.fr/skills/{}/".format(skill2.slug),
-                    "title": "skill2 UP"
-                },
-                {
-                    '@id': "https://happy-dev.fr/job-offers/{}/skills/".format(job1.slug),
+    # TODO: https://git.startinblox.com/djangoldp-packages/djangoldp/issues/326
+    '''
+    def test_update_container_append_resource(self):
+        pre_existing_skill_a = Skill.objects.create(title="to keep", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="slug1")
+        pre_existing_skill_b = Skill.objects.create(title="to keep", obligatoire="obligatoire", slug="slug2")
+        job = JobOffer.objects.create(title="job test")
+        job.skills.add(pre_existing_skill_a)
+        job.skills.add(pre_existing_skill_b)
+
+        post = {"@id": "{}/job-offers/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, job.slug),
+                "skills": {
                     "ldp:contains": [
-                        {"@id": "https://happy-dev.fr/skills/{}/".format(skill1.slug)},
-                        {"@id": "https://happy-dev.fr/skills/{}/".format(skill2.slug)},
-                        {"@id": "_.123"},
-                    ]
-                }
-            ]
-        }
-
-        meta_args = {'model': JobOffer, 'depth': 2, 'fields': ("@id", "title", "skills", "slug")}
-
-        meta_class = type('Meta', (), meta_args)
-        serializer_class = type(LDPSerializer)('JobOfferSerializer', (LDPSerializer,), {'Meta': meta_class})
-        serializer = serializer_class(data=job, instance=job1)
-        serializer.is_valid()
-        result = serializer.save()
-
-        skills = result.skills.all().order_by('title')
-
-        self.assertEquals(result.title, "job test updated")
-        self.assertIs(result.skills.count(), 3)
-        self.assertEquals(skills[0].title, "new skill")  # new skill
-        self.assertEquals(skills[1].title, "skill1")  # no change
-        self.assertEquals(skills[2].title, "skill2 UP")  # title updated
-        self.assertEquals(skill, skill._meta.model.objects.get(pk=skill.pk))  # title updated
-
-    def test_update_list_with_reverse_relation(self):
-        user1 = get_user_model().objects.create()
-        conversation = Conversation.objects.create(description="Conversation 1", author_user=user1)
-        message1 = Message.objects.create(text="Message 1", conversation=conversation, author_user=user1)
-        message2 = Message.objects.create(text="Message 2", conversation=conversation, author_user=user1)
-
-        json = {"@graph": [
-            {
-                "@id": "https://happy-dev.fr/messages/{}/".format(message1.pk),
-                "text": "Message 1 UP"
-            },
-            {
-                "@id": "https://happy-dev.fr/messages/{}/".format(message2.pk),
-                "text": "Message 2 UP"
-            },
-            {
-                '@id': "https://happy-dev.fr/conversations/{}/".format(conversation.pk),
-                'description': "Conversation 1 UP",
-                "message_set": [
-                    {"@id": "https://happy-dev.fr/messages/{}/".format(message1.pk)},
-                    {"@id": "https://happy-dev.fr/messages/{}/".format(message2.pk)},
-                ]
-            }
-        ]
-        }
-
-        meta_args = {'model': Conversation, 'depth': 2, 'fields': ("@id", "description", "message_set")}
-
-        meta_class = type('Meta', (), meta_args)
-        serializer_class = type(LDPSerializer)('ConversationSerializer', (LDPSerializer,), {'Meta': meta_class})
-        serializer = serializer_class(data=json, instance=conversation)
-        serializer.is_valid()
-        result = serializer.save()
-
-        messages = result.message_set.all().order_by('text')
-
-        self.assertEquals(result.description, "Conversation 1 UP")
-        self.assertIs(result.message_set.count(), 2)
-        self.assertEquals(messages[0].text, "Message 1 UP")
-        self.assertEquals(messages[1].text, "Message 2 UP")
-
-    def test_add_new_element_with_foreign_key_id(self):
-        user1 = get_user_model().objects.create()
-        conversation = Conversation.objects.create(description="Conversation 1", author_user=user1)
-        message1 = Message.objects.create(text="Message 1", conversation=conversation, author_user=user1)
-        message2 = Message.objects.create(text="Message 2", conversation=conversation, author_user=user1)
-
-        json = {"@graph": [
-            {
-                "@id": "https://happy-dev.fr/messages/{}/".format(message1.pk),
-                "text": "Message 1 UP",
-                "author_user": {
-                    '@id': "https://happy-dev.fr/users/{}/".format(user1.pk)
-                }
-            },
-            {
-                "@id": "https://happy-dev.fr/messages/{}/".format(message2.pk),
-                "text": "Message 2 UP",
-                "author_user": {
-                    '@id': "https://happy-dev.fr/users/{}/".format(user1.pk)
-                }
-            },
-            {
-                "@id": "_:b1",
-                "text": "Message 3 NEW",
-                "author_user": {
-                    '@id': "https://happy-dev.fr/users/{}/".format(user1.pk)
-                }
-            },
-            {
-                '@id': "https://happy-dev.fr/conversations/{}/".format(conversation.pk),
-                "author_user": {
-                    '@id': "https://happy-dev.fr/users/{}/".format(user1.pk)
-                },
-                'description': "Conversation 1 UP",
-                'message_set': {
-                    "@id": "https://happy-dev.fr/conversations/{}/message_set/".format(conversation.pk)
+                        {"title": "new skill", "obligatoire": "okay"},
+                        {"@id": "{}/skills/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, pre_existing_skill_b.slug), "title": "z"},
+                    ]}
                 }
-            },
-            {
-                '@id': "https://happy-dev.fr/conversations/{}/message_set/".format(conversation.pk),
-                "ldp:contains": [
-                    {"@id": "https://happy-dev.fr/messages/{}/".format(message1.pk)},
-                    {"@id": "https://happy-dev.fr/messages/{}/".format(message2.pk)},
-                    {"@id": "_:b1"}
-                ]
-            }
-        ]
-        }
 
-        meta_args = {'model': Conversation, 'depth': 2, 'fields': ("@id", "description", "message_set")}
-
-        meta_class = type('Meta', (), meta_args)
-        serializer_class = type(LDPSerializer)('ConversationSerializer', (LDPSerializer,), {'Meta': meta_class})
-        serializer = serializer_class(data=json, instance=conversation)
-        serializer.is_valid()
-        result = serializer.save()
-
-        messages = result.message_set.all().order_by('text')
+        response = self.client.patch('/job-offers/{}/'.format(job.slug),
+                                     data=json.dumps(post),
+                                     content_type='application/ld+json')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
 
-        self.assertEquals(result.description, "Conversation 1 UP")
-        self.assertIs(result.message_set.count(), 3)
-        self.assertEquals(messages[0].text, "Message 1 UP")
-        self.assertEquals(messages[1].text, "Message 2 UP")
-        self.assertEquals(messages[2].text, "Message 3 NEW")
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['title'], job.title)
+        self.assertIs(job.skills.count(), 3)
+        skills = job.skills.all().order_by('title')
+        self.assertEqual(skills[0].title, "new skill")  # new skill
+        self.assertEqual(skills[1].title, pre_existing_skill_a.title)  # old skill unchanged
+        self.assertEqual(skills[2].title, "z")  # updated
+        self.assertEqual(skills[2].obligatoire, pre_existing_skill_b.obligatoire)  # another field not updated
+    '''
 
     def test_put_resource(self):
-        post = Post.objects.create(content="content")
+        skill = Skill.objects.create(title='original', obligatoire='original', slug='skill1')
         body = [{
-            '@id': 'http://testserver.com/posts/{}/'.format(post.pk),
-            'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#content': "post content"}]
-        response = self.client.put('/posts/{}/'.format(post.pk), data=json.dumps(body),
+            '@id': '{}/skills/{}/'.format(settings.BASE_URL, skill.slug),
+            'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#title': "new", 'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#obligatoire': "new"}]
+        response = self.client.put('/skills/{}/'.format(skill.slug), data=json.dumps(body),
                                    content_type='application/ld+json')
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
-        self.assertEquals(response.data['content'], "post content")
-        self.assertIn('location', response._headers)
-
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['title'], "new")
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['obligatoire'], "new")
+        self.assertIn('location', response.headers)
 
+    def test_patch_resource(self):
+        skill = Skill.objects.create(title='original', obligatoire='original', slug='skill1')
+        body = {
+            '@id': '{}/skills/{}'.format(settings.BASE_URL, skill.slug),
+            'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#title': 'new'
+        }
+        response = self.client.patch('/skills/{}/'.format(skill.slug), data=json.dumps(body),
+                                     content_type='application/ld+json')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['title'], "new")
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['obligatoire'], "original")
 
     def test_create_sub_object_in_existing_object_with_existing_reverse_1to1_relation(self):
         user = get_user_model().objects.create(username="alex", password="test")
@@ -284,14 +81,14 @@ class Update(TestCase):
         body = [
             {
                 '@id': "/userprofiles/{}/".format(profile.pk),
-                'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#description': "user update"
+                'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#description': "user update"
             },
             {
                 '@id': '/users/{}/'.format(user.pk),
-                "http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#first_name": "Alexandre",
-                "http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#last_name": "Bourlier",
-                "http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#username": "alex",
-                'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#userprofile': {'@id': "/userprofiles/{}/".format(profile.pk)}
+                "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#first_name": "Alexandre",
+                "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#last_name": "Bourlier",
+                "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#username": "alex",
+                'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#userprofile': {'@id': "/userprofiles/{}/".format(profile.pk)}
             }
         ]
         response = self.client.put('/users/{}/'.format(user.pk), data=json.dumps(body),
@@ -299,6 +96,22 @@ class Update(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
         self.assertIn('userprofile', response.data)
 
+    def test_put_nonexistent_local_resource(self):
+        job = JobOffer.objects.create(title="job test")
+
+        # contains internal urlid which refers to non-existent resource
+        body = {"@id": "{}/job-offers/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, job.slug),
+                "skills": {
+                    "ldp:contains": [
+                        {"@id": "{}/skills/404/".format(settings.BASE_URL)},
+                    ]}
+                }
+
+        response = self.client.put('/job-offers/{}/'.format(job.slug), data=json.dumps(body),
+                                   content_type='application/ld+json')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+        self.assertEqual(Skill.objects.count(), 0)
+
     def test_create_sub_object_in_existing_object_with_reverse_fk_relation(self):
         """
         Doesn't work with depth = 0 on UserProfile Model. Should it be ?
@@ -307,14 +120,14 @@ class Update(TestCase):
         body = [
             {
                 '@id': "_:b975",
-                'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#description': "conversation description"
+                'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#description': "conversation description"
             },
             {
                 '@id': '/users/{}/'.format(user.pk),
-                "http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#first_name": "Alexandre",
-                "http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#last_name": "Bourlier",
-                "http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#username": "alex",
-                'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#conversation_set': {'@id': "_:b975"}
+                "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#first_name": "Alexandre",
+                "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#last_name": "Bourlier",
+                "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#username": "alex",
+                'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#conversation_set': {'@id': "_:b975"}
             }
         ]
         response = self.client.put('/users/{}/'.format(user.pk), data=json.dumps(body),
@@ -328,14 +141,14 @@ class Update(TestCase):
         body = [
             {
                 '@id': "/conversations/{}/".format(conversation.pk),
-                'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#description': "conversation update"
+                'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#description': "conversation update"
             },
             {
                 '@id': '/users/{}/'.format(user.pk),
-                "http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#first_name": "Alexandre",
-                "http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#last_name": "Bourlier",
-                "http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#username": "alex",
-                'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#conversation_set': {'@id': "/conversations/{}/".format(conversation.pk)}
+                "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#first_name": "Alexandre",
+                "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#last_name": "Bourlier",
+                "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#username": "alex",
+                'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#conversation_set': {'@id': "/conversations/{}/".format(conversation.pk)}
             }
         ]
         response = self.client.put('/users/{}/'.format(user.pk), data=json.dumps(body),
@@ -350,7 +163,7 @@ class Update(TestCase):
         body = [
             {
                 '@id': "/conversations/{}/".format(conversation.pk),
-                'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#description': "conversation update",
+                'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#description': "conversation update",
             }
         ]
         response = self.client.put('/conversations/{}/'.format(conversation.pk), data=json.dumps(body),
@@ -365,8 +178,8 @@ class Update(TestCase):
         body = [
             {
                 '@id': "/conversations/{}/".format(conversation.pk),
-                'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#description': "conversation update",
-                'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#peer_user': ""
+                'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#description': "conversation update",
+                'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#peer_user': ""
             }
         ]
         response = self.client.put('/conversations/{}/'.format(conversation.pk), data=json.dumps(body),
@@ -378,12 +191,12 @@ class Update(TestCase):
         resource = Resource.objects.create()
         job = JobOffer.objects.create(title="first title", slug="job")
         body = {
-            'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#joboffers':
+            'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#joboffers':
                 {
-                    '@id': "http://testserver.com/resources/{}/joboffers/".format(resource.pk),
+                    '@id': "{}/resources/{}/joboffers/".format(settings.BASE_URL, resource.pk),
                     'ldp:contains': [
-                        {'@id': 'http://testserver.com/job-offers/{}/'.format(job.slug),
-                         'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#title': "new job",
+                        {'@id': job.urlid,
+                         'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#title': "new job",
                          },
                     ]
                 }
@@ -393,16 +206,15 @@ class Update(TestCase):
                                    data=json.dumps(body),
                                    content_type='application/ld+json')
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
-        self.assertEqual(response.data['joboffers']['ldp:contains'][0]['@id'],
-                         "http://testserver.com/job-offers/{}/".format(job.slug))
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['joboffers']['ldp:contains'][0]['@id'], job.urlid)
         self.assertEqual(response.data['joboffers']['ldp:contains'][0]['title'], "new job")
 
     def test_m2m_new_link_embedded(self):
         resource = Resource.objects.create()
         body = {
-            'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#joboffers': {
-                'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#slug': 'aaa',
-                'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#title': "new job",
+            'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#joboffers': {
+                'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#slug': 'aaa',
+                'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#title': "new job",
             }
         }
 
@@ -420,12 +232,12 @@ class Update(TestCase):
         resource.joboffers.add(job)
         resource.save()
         body = {
-            'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#joboffers': {
+            'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#joboffers': {
                 # '@id': "http://testserver/resources/{}/joboffers/".format(resource.pk),
                 'ldp:contains': [
                     {
-                        '@id': 'http://testserver.com/job-offers/{}/'.format(job.slug),
-                        'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#title': "new job",
+                        '@id': job.urlid,
+                        'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#title': "new job",
                     }
                 ]
             }
@@ -435,30 +247,14 @@ class Update(TestCase):
                                    data=json.dumps(body),
                                    content_type='application/ld+json')
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
-        self.assertEqual(response.data['joboffers']['ldp:contains'][0]['@id'],
-                         "http://testserver.com/job-offers/{}/".format(job.slug))
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['joboffers']['ldp:contains'][0]['@id'], job.urlid)
         self.assertEqual(response.data['joboffers']['ldp:contains'][0]['title'], "new job")
 
-    def test_m2m_new_link_federated(self):
-        resource = Resource.objects.create()
-        body = {
-            'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#joboffers': {
-                'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#@id': 'http://external.job/job/1',
-            }
-        }
-
-        response = self.client.put('/resources/{}/'.format(resource.pk),
-                                   data=json.dumps(body),
-                                   content_type='application/ld+json')
-        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
-        self.assertEqual(response.data['joboffers']['ldp:contains'][0]['@id'],
-                         "http://external.job/job/1")
-
     def test_m2m_new_link_external(self):
         resource = Resource.objects.create()
         body = {
-            'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#joboffers': {
-                '@id': 'http://testserver.com/job-offers/stuff/',
+            'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#joboffers': {
+                'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#@id': 'http://external.job/job/1',
             }
         }
 
@@ -467,13 +263,14 @@ class Update(TestCase):
                                    content_type='application/ld+json')
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
         self.assertEqual(response.data['joboffers']['ldp:contains'][0]['@id'],
-                         "http://testserver.com/job-offers/stuff/")
+                         "http://external.job/job/1")
+        self.assertIn('@type', response.data['joboffers']['ldp:contains'][0])
 
     def test_m2m_new_link_local(self):
         resource = Resource.objects.create()
         job = JobOffer.objects.create(title="first title", slug="job")
         body = {
-            'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#joboffers': {
+            'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#joboffers': {
                 '@id': 'http://happy-dev.fr/job-offers/{}/'.format(job.slug),
             }
         }
@@ -492,8 +289,8 @@ class Update(TestCase):
         body = [
             {
                 '@id': "/conversations/{}/".format(conversation.pk),
-                'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#description': "conversation update",
-                'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#peer_user': {
+                'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#description': "conversation update",
+                'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#peer_user': {
                     '@id': 'http://happy-dev.fr/users/{}'.format(self.user.pk),
                 }
             }
@@ -512,9 +309,9 @@ class Update(TestCase):
     def test_m2m_user_link_federated(self):
         project = Project.objects.create(description="project name")
         body = {
-            'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#description': 'project name',
-            'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#team': {
-                'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#@id': 'http://external.user/user/1',
+            'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#description': 'project name',
+            'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#members': {
+                'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#@id': 'http://external.user/user/1',
             }
         }
 
@@ -522,16 +319,18 @@ class Update(TestCase):
                                    data=json.dumps(body),
                                    content_type='application/ld+json')
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
-        self.assertEqual(response.data['team']['ldp:contains'][0]['@id'],
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['members']['ldp:contains'][0]['@id'],
                          "http://external.user/user/1")
+        self.assertIn('@type', response.data['members']['ldp:contains'][0])
+        self.assertEqual(len(response.data['members']['ldp:contains'][0].items()), 2)
 
     def test_m2m_user_link_existing_external(self):
         project = Project.objects.create(description="project name")
         ext_user = get_user_model().objects.create(username=str(uuid.uuid4()), urlid='http://external.user/user/1')
         body = {
-            'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#description': 'project name',
-            'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#team': {
-                'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#@id': ext_user.urlid,
+            'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#description': 'project name',
+            'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#members': {
+                'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#@id': ext_user.urlid,
             }
         }
 
@@ -539,10 +338,12 @@ class Update(TestCase):
                                    data=json.dumps(body),
                                    content_type='application/ld+json')
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
-        self.assertEqual(response.data['team']['ldp:contains'][0]['@id'], ext_user.urlid)
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['members']['ldp:contains'][0]['@id'], ext_user.urlid)
+        self.assertIn('@type', response.data['members']['ldp:contains'][0])
+        self.assertEqual(len(response.data['members']['ldp:contains'][0].items()), 2)
 
         project = Project.objects.get(pk=project.pk)
-        self.assertEqual(project.team.count(), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(project.members.count(), 1)
 
         user = get_user_model().objects.get(pk=ext_user.pk)
         self.assertEqual(user.projects.count(), 1)
@@ -555,32 +356,33 @@ class Update(TestCase):
         body = [
             {
                 '@id': "_:b975",
-                'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#description': "user description",
-                'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#dummy': {
+                'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#description': "user description",
+                'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#dummy': {
                     '@id': './'
                 }
             },
             {
                 '@id': '/users/{}/'.format(user.pk),
-                "http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#first_name": "Alexandre",
-                "http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#last_name": "Bourlier",
-                "http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#username": "alex",
-                'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#userprofile': {'@id': "_:b975"}
+                "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#first_name": "Alexandre",
+                "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#last_name": "Bourlier",
+                "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#username": "alex",
+                'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#userprofile': {'@id': "_:b975"}
             }
         ]
         response = self.client.put('/users/{}/'.format(user.pk), data=json.dumps(body),
                                    content_type='application/ld+json')
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
         self.assertIn('userprofile', response.data)
+        self.assertIsNotNone(response.data['userprofile'])
 
     def test_m2m_user_link_remove_existing_link(self):
         ext_user = get_user_model().objects.create(username=str(uuid.uuid4()), urlid='http://external.user/user/1')
         project = Project.objects.create(description="project name")
-        project.team.add(ext_user)
+        project.members.add(ext_user)
         project.save()
         body = {
-            'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#description': 'project name',
-            'http://happy-dev.fr/owl/#team': {
+            'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#description': 'project name',
+            'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#members': {
             }
         }
 
@@ -590,7 +392,194 @@ class Update(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
 
         project = Project.objects.get(pk=project.pk)
-        self.assertEqual(project.team.count(), 0)
+        self.assertEqual(project.members.count(), 0)
 
         user = get_user_model().objects.get(pk=ext_user.pk)
         self.assertEqual(user.projects.count(), 0)
+
+    def test_update_sub_object_with_urlid(self):
+        user = get_user_model().objects.create(username="alex", password="test")
+        profile = UserProfile.objects.create(user=user, description="user description")
+        body = {
+            '@id': '/users/{}/'.format(user.pk),
+            "first_name": "Alexandre",
+            "last_name": "Bourlier",
+            "username": "alex",
+            'userprofile': {
+                '@id': profile.urlid,
+                'description': "user update"
+            },
+            '@context': {
+                "@vocab": "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#",
+            }
+        }
+
+        response = self.client.put('/users/{}/'.format(user.pk), data=json.dumps(body),
+                                   content_type='application/ld+json')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+        self.assertIn('userprofile', response.data)
+
+        response = self.client.get('/userprofiles/{}/'.format(profile.pk),
+                                   content_type='application/ld+json')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['description'], "user update")
+
+    # unit tests for a specific bug: https://git.startinblox.com/djangoldp-packages/djangoldp/issues/307
+    def test_direct_boolean_field(self):
+        profile = UserProfile.objects.create(user=self.user)
+        setting = NotificationSetting.objects.create(user=profile, receiveMail=False)
+        body = {
+            'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#@id': setting.urlid,
+            'receiveMail': True,
+            "@context": {"@vocab": "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#",
+                         "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#",
+                         "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "ldp": "http://www.w3.org/ns/ldp#",
+                         "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "name": "rdfs:label",
+                         "acl": "http://www.w3.org/ns/auth/acl#", "permissions": "acl:accessControl",
+                         "mode": "acl:mode", "geo": "http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos#", "lat": "geo:lat",
+                         "lng": "geo:long"}
+        }
+
+        response = self.client.patch('/notificationsettings/{}/'.format(setting.pk),
+                                     data=json.dumps(body),
+                                     content_type='application/ld+json')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['receiveMail'], True)
+
+    def test_nested_container_boolean_field_no_slug(self):
+        profile = UserProfile.objects.create(user=self.user)
+        setting = NotificationSetting.objects.create(user=profile, receiveMail=False)
+        body = {
+            'settings': {
+                'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#@id': setting.urlid,
+                'receiveMail': True
+            },
+            "@context": {"@vocab": "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#",
+                         "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#",
+                         "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "ldp": "http://www.w3.org/ns/ldp#",
+                         "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "name": "rdfs:label",
+                         "acl": "http://www.w3.org/ns/auth/acl#", "permissions": "acl:accessControl",
+                         "mode": "acl:mode", "geo": "http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos#", "lat": "geo:lat",
+                         "lng": "geo:long"}
+        }
+
+        response = self.client.patch('/userprofiles/{}/'.format(profile.slug),
+                                     data=json.dumps(body),
+                                     content_type='application/ld+json')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['settings']['receiveMail'], True)
+
+    # variation where the lookup_field for NotificationSetting (pk) is provided
+    def test_nested_container_boolean_field_with_slug(self):
+        profile = UserProfile.objects.create(user=self.user)
+        setting = NotificationSetting.objects.create(user=profile, receiveMail=False)
+        body = {
+            'settings': {
+                'pk': setting.pk,
+                'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#@id': setting.urlid,
+                'receiveMail': True
+            },
+            "@context": {"@vocab": "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#",
+                         "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#",
+                         "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "ldp": "http://www.w3.org/ns/ldp#",
+                         "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "name": "rdfs:label",
+                         "acl": "http://www.w3.org/ns/auth/acl#", "permissions": "acl:accessControl",
+                         "mode": "acl:mode", "geo": "http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos#", "lat": "geo:lat",
+                         "lng": "geo:long"}
+        }
+
+        response = self.client.patch('/userprofiles/{}/'.format(profile.slug),
+                                     data=json.dumps(body),
+                                     content_type='application/ld+json')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['settings']['receiveMail'], True)
+
+    def test_update_container_twice_nested_view(self):
+        invoice = Invoice.objects.create(title='test')
+        pre_existing_batch = Batch.objects.create(title='batch1', invoice=invoice)
+        pre_existing_task = Task.objects.create(title='task1', batch=pre_existing_batch)
+
+        base_url = settings.BASE_URL
+
+        body = {
+            "@id": "{}/invoices/{}/".format(base_url, invoice.pk),
+            "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#title": "new",
+            "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#batches": [
+                {
+                    "@id": "{}/batchs/{}/".format(base_url, pre_existing_batch.pk),
+                    "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#title": "new",
+                    "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#tasks": [
+                        {
+                            "@id": "{}/tasks/{}/".format(base_url, pre_existing_task.pk),
+                            "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#title": "new"
+                        },
+                        {
+                            "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#title": "tache 2"
+                        }
+                    ]
+                },
+                {
+                    "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#title": "z",
+                }
+            ]
+        }
+
+        response = self.client.put('/invoices/{}/'.format(invoice.pk), data=json.dumps(body),
+                                   content_type='application/ld+json')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['title'], "new")
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['@id'], invoice.urlid)
+
+        invoice = Invoice.objects.get(pk=invoice.pk)
+        self.assertIs(invoice.batches.count(), 2)
+        batches = invoice.batches.all().order_by('title')
+        self.assertEqual(batches[0].title, "new")
+        self.assertEqual(batches[0].urlid, pre_existing_batch.urlid)
+        self.assertEqual(batches[1].title, "z")
+
+        self.assertIs(batches[0].tasks.count(), 2)
+        tasks = batches[0].tasks.all().order_by('title')
+        self.assertEqual(tasks[0].title, "new")
+        self.assertEqual(tasks[0].pk, pre_existing_task.pk)
+        self.assertEqual(tasks[1].title, "tache 2")
+
+    # TODO: https://git.startinblox.com/djangoldp-packages/djangoldp/issues/333
+    '''def test_update_container_nested_view(self):
+        circle = Circle.objects.create(name='test')
+        pre_existing = CircleMember.objects.create(user=self.user, circle=circle, is_admin=False)
+        another_user = get_user_model().objects.create_user(username='u2', email='u2@b.com', password='pw')
+
+        body = {
+            "@id": "{}/circles/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, circle.pk),
+            "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#name": "Updated Name",
+            "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#members": {
+                "ldp:contains": [
+                    {"@id": "{}/circle-members/{}/".format(settings.BASE_URL, pre_existing.pk),
+                     "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#is_admin": True},
+                    {"https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#user": {"@id": another_user.urlid},
+                     "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#is_admin": False},
+                ]
+            }
+        }
+
+        response = \
+            self.client.put('/circles/{}/'.format(circle.pk), data=json.dumps(body), content_type='application/ld+json')
+        print(str(self.user.urlid))
+        print(str(response.data))
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['name'], circle.name)
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['@id'], circle.urlid)
+        self.assertIs(CircleMember.objects.count(), 2)
+        self.assertIs(circle.members.count(), 2)
+        self.assertIs(circle.team.count(), 2)
+
+        members = circle.members.all().order_by('pk')
+        self.assertEqual(members[0].user, self.user)
+        self.assertEqual(members[0].urlid, pre_existing.urlid)
+        self.assertEqual(members[0].pk, pre_existing.pk)
+        self.assertEqual(members[0].is_admin, True)
+        self.assertEqual(members[1].user, another_user)
+        self.assertEqual(members[1].is_admin, False)'''
+

djangoldp/tests/tests_user_permissions.py

 from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
+from django.contrib.auth.models import Permission, Group
+from django.conf import settings
+from django.test import override_settings
 from rest_framework.test import APIClient, APITestCase
-from guardian.shortcuts import assign_perm
-
-from djangoldp.permissions import LDPPermissions
-from .models import JobOffer, PermissionlessDummy
-from djangoldp.views import LDPViewSet
+from djangoldp.tests.models import JobOffer, LDPDummy, PermissionlessDummy, UserProfile, OwnedResource, \
+    OwnedResourceNestedOwnership, OwnedResourceTwiceNestedOwnership
 
 import json
 
-class TestUserPermissions(APITestCase):
 
+class UserPermissionsTestCase(APITestCase):
     def setUp(self):
         self.user = get_user_model().objects.create_user(username='john', email='jlennon@beatles.com', password='glass onion')
         self.client = APIClient(enforce_csrf_checks=True)
         self.client.force_authenticate(user=self.user)
         self.job = JobOffer.objects.create(title="job", slug="slug1")
 
+
+class TestUserPermissions(UserPermissionsTestCase):
+    def setUpGroup(self):
+        self.group = Group.objects.create(name='Test')
+        view_perm = Permission.objects.get(codename='view_permissionlessdummy')
+        self.group.permissions.add(view_perm)
+        self.group.save()
+
+    def _make_self_superuser(self):
+        self.user.is_superuser = True
+        self.user.save()
+
+    # list - simple
     def test_get_for_authenticated_user(self):
         response = self.client.get('/job-offers/')
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+        # test serialized permissions
+        self.assertIn('view', response.data['permissions'])
+        self.assertNotIn('inherit', response.data['permissions'])
+        # self.assertNotIn('delete', response.data['permissions'])
+
+    # TODO: list - I do not have permission from the model, but I do have permission via a Group I am assigned
+    #  https://git.startinblox.com/djangoldp-packages/djangoldp/issues/291
+    '''def test_group_list_access(self):
+        self.setUpGroup()
+        dummy = PermissionlessDummy.objects.create()
+
+        response = self.client.get('/permissionless-dummys/')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+        self.assertEqual(len(response.data['ldp:contains']), 0)
+
+        LDListMixin.to_representation_cache.reset()
+        LDPSerializer.to_representation_cache.reset()
+
+        self.user.groups.add(self.group)
+        self.user.save()
+        response = self.client.get('/permissionless-dummys/')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+        self.assertEqual(len(response.data['ldp:contains']), 1)
+
+    # repeat of the above test on nested field
+    def test_group_list_access_nested_field(self):
+        self.setUpGroup()
+        parent = LDPDummy.objects.create()
+        PermissionlessDummy.objects.create(parent=parent)
+
+        response = self.client.get('/ldpdummys/{}/'.format(parent.pk))
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+        self.assertEqual(len(response.data['anons']['ldp:contains']), 0)
+
+        LDListMixin.to_representation_cache.reset()
+        LDPSerializer.to_representation_cache.reset()
+
+        self.user.groups.add(self.group)
+        self.user.save()
+        response = self.client.get('/ldpdummys/{}/'.format(parent.pk))
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+        self.assertEqual(len(response.data['anons']['ldp:contains']), 1)
+
+    # repeat of the test on a nested viewset
+    def test_group_list_access_nested_viewset(self):
+        self.setUpGroup()
+        parent = LDPDummy.objects.create()
+        PermissionlessDummy.objects.create(parent=parent)
+
+        response = self.client.get('/ldpdummys/{}/anons/'.format(parent.pk))
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+        self.assertEqual(len(response.data['ldp:contains']), 0)
+
+        LDListMixin.to_representation_cache.reset()
+        LDPSerializer.to_representation_cache.reset()
+
+        self.user.groups.add(self.group)
+        self.user.save()
+        response = self.client.get('/ldpdummys/{}/anons/'.format(parent.pk))
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+        self.assertEqual(len(response.data['ldp:contains']), 1)
+
+    # repeat for object-specific request
+    def test_group_object_access(self):
+        self.setUpGroup()
+        dummy = PermissionlessDummy.objects.create()
+
+        response = self.client.get('/permissionless-dummys/{}'.format(dummy))
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 404)
+
+        LDListMixin.to_representation_cache.reset()
+        LDPSerializer.to_representation_cache.reset()
+
+        self.user.groups.add(self.group)
+        self.user.save()
+        response = self.client.get('/permissionless-dummys/{}/'.format(dummy))
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+    
+    # TODO: test for POST scenario
+    # TODO: test for PUT scenario
+    # TODO: test for DELETE scenario   
+    '''
 
+    @override_settings(SERIALIZE_OBJECT_EXCLUDE_PERMISSIONS=['inherit'])
     def test_get_1_for_authenticated_user(self):
         response = self.client.get('/job-offers/{}/'.format(self.job.slug))
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+        self.assertIn('view', response.data['permissions'])
+        self.assertNotIn('inherit', response.data['permissions'])
 
     def test_post_request_for_authenticated_user(self):
-        post = {'title': "job_created", "slug": 'slug1'}
+        post = {'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#title': "job_created", "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#slug": 'slug2'}
         response = self.client.post('/job-offers/', data=json.dumps(post), content_type='application/ld+json')
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 201)
 
+    # denied because I don't have model permissions
+    def test_post_request_denied_model_perms(self):
+        data = {'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#some': 'title'}
+        response = self.client.post('/permissionless-dummys/', data=json.dumps(data), content_type='application/ld+json')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 403)
+
+    def test_post_nested_view_authorized(self):
+        data = { "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#title": "new skill", "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#obligatoire": "okay" }
+        response = self.client.post('/job-offers/{}/skills/'.format(self.job.slug), data=json.dumps(data),
+                                    content_type='application/ld+json')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 201)
+
+    def test_post_nested_view_denied_model_perms(self):
+        parent = LDPDummy.objects.create(some='parent')
+        data = { "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#some": "title" }
+        response = self.client.post('/ldpdummys/{}/anons/'.format(parent.pk), data=json.dumps(data),
+                                    content_type='application/ld+json')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 403)
+
     def test_put_request_for_authenticated_user(self):
-        body = {'title':"job_updated"}
+        body = {'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#title':"job_updated"}
         response = self.client.put('/job-offers/{}/'.format(self.job.slug), data=json.dumps(body),
                                    content_type='application/ld+json')
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
@@ -39,3 +156,273 @@ class TestUserPermissions(APITestCase):
         response = self.client.patch('/job-offers/' + str(self.job.slug) + "/",
                                    content_type='application/ld+json')
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+
+    def test_put_request_denied_model_perms(self):
+        dummy = PermissionlessDummy.objects.create(some='some', slug='slug')
+        data = {'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#some': 'new'}
+        response = self.client.put('/permissionless-dummys/{}/'.format(dummy.slug), data=json.dumps(data),
+                                    content_type='application/ld+json')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 404)
+
+    def test_put_nested_view_denied_model_perms(self):
+        parent = LDPDummy.objects.create(some='parent')
+        child = PermissionlessDummy.objects.create(some='child', slug='child', parent=parent)
+        data = {"https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#some": "new"}
+        response = self.client.put('/ldpdummys/{}/anons/{}/'.format(parent.pk, child.slug), data=json.dumps(data),
+                                   content_type='application/ld+json')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 404)
+
+    #TODO: check how this could ever work
+    # def test_patch_nested_container_attach_existing_resource_permission_denied(self):
+    #     '''I am attempting to add a resource which I should not know exists'''
+    #     parent = LDPDummy.objects.create(some='parent')
+    #     dummy = PermissionlessDummy.objects.create(some='some', slug='slug')
+    #     data = {
+    #         'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#anons': [
+    #             {'@id': '{}/permissionless-dummys/{}/'.format(settings.SITE_URL, dummy.slug), 'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#slug': dummy.slug}
+    #         ]
+    #     }
+    #     response = self.client.patch('/ldpdummys/{}/'.format(parent.pk), data=json.dumps(data), content_type='application/ld+json')
+    #     self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 404)
+
+    # variations on previous tests with an extra level of depth
+    # TODO
+    def test_post_nested_container_twice_nested_permission_denied(self):
+        pass
+
+    # TODO
+    def test_put_nested_container_twice_nested_permission_denied(self):
+        pass
+
+    # TODO: repeat of the above where it is authorized because I have permission through my Group
+    #  https://git.startinblox.com/djangoldp-packages/djangoldp/issues/291
+
+    def test_put_request_change_urlid_rejected(self):
+        self.assertEqual(JobOffer.objects.count(), 1)
+        body = {'@id': "ishouldnotbeabletochangethis"}
+        response = self.client.put('/job-offers/{}/'.format(self.job.slug), data=json.dumps(body),
+                                   content_type='application/ld+json')
+        # TODO: this is failing quietly
+        #  https://git.happy-dev.fr/startinblox/solid-spec/issues/14
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+        self.assertEqual(JobOffer.objects.count(), 1)
+        self.assertFalse(JobOffer.objects.filter(urlid=body['@id']).exists())
+
+    def test_put_request_change_pk_rejected(self):
+        self.assertEqual(JobOffer.objects.count(), 1)
+        body = {'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#pk': 2}
+        response = self.client.put('/job-offers/{}/'.format(self.job.slug), data=json.dumps(body),
+                                   content_type='application/ld+json')
+        # TODO: this is failing quietly
+        #  https://git.happy-dev.fr/startinblox/solid-spec/issues/14
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+        self.assertEqual(JobOffer.objects.count(), 1)
+        self.assertFalse(JobOffer.objects.filter(pk=body['https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#pk']).exists())
+
+    # tests that I receive a list of objects for which I am owner, filtering those for which I am not
+    def test_list_owned_resources(self):
+        my_resource = OwnedResource.objects.create(description='test', user=self.user)
+        another_user = get_user_model().objects.create_user(username='test', email='test@test.com', password='test')
+        their_resource = OwnedResource.objects.create(description='another test', user=another_user)
+
+        response = self.client.get('/ownedresources/')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+        self.assertEqual(len(response.data['ldp:contains']), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['ldp:contains'][0]['@id'], my_resource.urlid)
+
+    # I do not have model permissions as an authenticated user, but I am the resources' owner
+    def test_get_owned_resource(self):
+        my_resource = OwnedResource.objects.create(description='test', user=self.user)
+        another_user = get_user_model().objects.create_user(username='test', email='test@test.com', password='test')
+        their_resource = OwnedResource.objects.create(description='another test', user=another_user)
+
+        response = self.client.get('/ownedresources/{}/'.format(my_resource.pk))
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+        self.assertEqual(response.data['@id'], my_resource.urlid)
+        self.assertIn('delete', response.data['permissions'])
+
+        # I have permission to view this resource
+        response = self.client.patch('/ownedresources/{}/'.format(their_resource.pk))
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 404)
+
+    def test_patch_owned_resource(self):
+        my_profile = UserProfile.objects.create(user=self.user, slug=self.user.username, description='about me')
+        another_user = get_user_model().objects.create_user(username='test', email='test@test.com', password='test')
+        their_profile = UserProfile.objects.create(user=another_user, slug=another_user.username, description='about')
+
+        response = self.client.patch('/userprofiles/{}/'.format(my_profile.slug))
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+
+        response = self.client.patch('/userprofiles/{}/'.format(their_profile.slug))
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 403)
+
+    def test_delete_owned_resource(self):
+        my_resource = OwnedResource.objects.create(description='test', user=self.user)
+        another_user = get_user_model().objects.create_user(username='test', email='test@test.com', password='test')
+        their_resource = OwnedResource.objects.create(description='another test', user=another_user)
+
+        response = self.client.delete('/ownedresources/{}/'.format(my_resource.pk))
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 204)
+
+        response = self.client.delete('/ownedresources/{}/'.format(their_resource.pk))
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 404)
+
+    # test superuser permissions (configured on model)
+    def test_list_superuser_perms(self):
+        another_user = get_user_model().objects.create_user(username='test', email='test@test.com', password='test')
+        their_resource = OwnedResource.objects.create(description='another test', user=another_user)
+
+        response = self.client.get('/ownedresources/')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+        self.assertEqual(len(response.data['ldp:contains']), 0)
+
+        # now I'm superuser, I have the permissions
+        self._make_self_superuser()
+
+        response = self.client.get('/ownedresources/')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+        self.assertEqual(len(response.data['ldp:contains']), 1)
+
+    def test_get_superuser_perms(self):
+        another_user = get_user_model().objects.create_user(username='test', email='test@test.com', password='test')
+        their_resource = OwnedResource.objects.create(description='another test', user=another_user)
+
+        response = self.client.patch('/ownedresources/{}/'.format(their_resource.pk))
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 404)
+
+        self._make_self_superuser()
+
+        response = self.client.patch('/ownedresources/{}/'.format(their_resource.pk))
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+
+    def test_put_superuser_perms(self):
+        another_user = get_user_model().objects.create_user(username='test', email='test@test.com', password='test')
+        their_profile = UserProfile.objects.create(user=another_user, slug=another_user.username, description='about')
+
+        response = self.client.patch('/userprofiles/{}/'.format(their_profile.slug))
+        # TODO: https://git.startinblox.com/djangoldp-packages/djangoldp/issues/336
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 403)
+
+        self._make_self_superuser()
+
+        response = self.client.patch('/userprofiles/{}/'.format(their_profile.slug))
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+
+    def test_delete_superuser_perms(self):
+        another_user = get_user_model().objects.create_user(username='test', email='test@test.com', password='test')
+        their_resource = OwnedResource.objects.create(description='another test', user=another_user)
+
+        response = self.client.delete('/ownedresources/{}/'.format(their_resource.pk))
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 404)
+
+        self._make_self_superuser()
+
+        response = self.client.delete('/ownedresources/{}/'.format(their_resource.pk))
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 204)
+
+    # I have model (or object?) permissions. Attempt to make myself owner and thus upgrade my permissions
+    # TODO: https://git.startinblox.com/djangoldp-packages/djangoldp/issues/356/
+    '''
+    def test_hack_model_perms_privilege_escalation(self):
+        another_user = get_user_model().objects.create_user(username='test', email='test@test.com', password='test')
+        resource = OwnedResourceVariant.objects.create(description='another test', user=another_user)
+
+        # authenticated has 'change' permission but only owner's have 'control' permission, meaning that I should
+        # not be able to change my privilege level
+        body = {
+            'https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl#user': {'@id': self.user.urlid}
+        }
+        response = self.client.put('/ownedresourcevariants/{}/'.format(resource.pk), data=json.dumps(body),
+                                   content_type='application/ld+json')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+
+        resource = OwnedResourceVariant.objects.get(pk=resource.pk)
+        self.assertNotEqual(resource.user, self.user)
+    '''
+
+
+class TestOwnerFieldUserPermissions(UserPermissionsTestCase):
+    restore_meta = None
+
+    def setUpTempOwnerFieldForModel(self, model, new_owner_field):
+        # store the old meta information for tearDown to cleanup after the test
+        if self.restore_meta is None:
+            self.restore_meta = []
+        
+        self.restore_meta.append({
+            "model": model,
+            "owner_field": model._meta.owner_field
+        })
+
+        # replace the owner_field attribute for the test to run
+        model._meta.owner_field = new_owner_field
+
+    def tearDown(self):
+        # restore any previously changed owner_field attributes in the test
+        if self.restore_meta is not None:
+            for idx, model in enumerate(self.restore_meta):
+                model = self.restore_meta[idx]["model"]
+                model._meta.owner_field = self.restore_meta[idx]["owner_field"]
+            self.restore_meta = None
+
+    def test_list_owned_resources_nested(self):
+        my_resource = OwnedResource.objects.create(description='test', user=self.user)
+        my_second_resource = OwnedResource.objects.create(description='test', user=self.user)
+        another_user = get_user_model().objects.create_user(username='test', email='test@test.com', password='test')
+        their_resource = OwnedResource.objects.create(description='another test', user=another_user)
+
+        my_nested = OwnedResourceNestedOwnership.objects.create(description="test", parent=my_resource)
+        my_second_nested = OwnedResourceNestedOwnership.objects.create(description="test", parent=my_second_resource)
+        their_nested = OwnedResourceNestedOwnership.objects.create(description="test", parent=their_resource)
+
+        response = self.client.get('/ownedresourcenestedownerships/')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+        self.assertEqual(len(response.data['ldp:contains']), 2)
+        ids = [r['@id'] for r in response.data['ldp:contains']]
+        self.assertIn(my_nested.urlid, ids)
+        self.assertIn(my_second_nested.urlid, ids)
+        self.assertNotIn(their_nested.urlid, ids)
+    
+    def test_list_owned_resources_nested_variation_urlid(self):
+        owner_field = OwnedResourceNestedOwnership._meta.owner_field
+        OwnedResourceNestedOwnership._meta.owner_field = None
+        OwnedResourceNestedOwnership._meta.owner_urlid_field = owner_field + "__urlid"
+
+        self.test_list_owned_resources_nested()
+        OwnedResourceNestedOwnership._meta.owner_urlid_field = None
+        OwnedResourceNestedOwnership._meta.owner_field = owner_field
+
+    
+    def test_list_owned_resources_nested_variation_twice_nested(self):
+        my_resource = OwnedResource.objects.create(description='test', user=self.user)
+        my_second_resource = OwnedResource.objects.create(description='test', user=self.user)
+        another_user = get_user_model().objects.create_user(username='test', email='test@test.com', password='test')
+        their_resource = OwnedResource.objects.create(description='another test', user=another_user)
+
+        my_nested = OwnedResourceNestedOwnership.objects.create(description="test", parent=my_resource)
+        my_second_nested = OwnedResourceNestedOwnership.objects.create(description="test", parent=my_second_resource)
+        their_nested = OwnedResourceNestedOwnership.objects.create(description="test", parent=their_resource)
+
+        my_twice_nested = OwnedResourceTwiceNestedOwnership.objects.create(description="test", parent=my_nested)
+        their_twice_nested = OwnedResourceTwiceNestedOwnership.objects.create(description="test", parent=their_nested)
+
+        response = self.client.get('/ownedresourcetwicenestedownerships/')
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+        self.assertEqual(len(response.data['ldp:contains']), 1)
+        ids = [r['@id'] for r in response.data['ldp:contains']]
+        self.assertIn(my_twice_nested.urlid, ids)
+        self.assertNotIn(their_twice_nested.urlid, ids)
+
+    def test_list_owned_resources_nested_does_not_exist(self):
+        self.setUpTempOwnerFieldForModel(OwnedResourceNestedOwnership, "parent__doesnotexist")
+
+        my_resource = OwnedResource.objects.create(description='test', user=self.user)
+        my_second_resource = OwnedResource.objects.create(description='test', user=self.user)
+        another_user = get_user_model().objects.create_user(username='test', email='test@test.com', password='test')
+        their_resource = OwnedResource.objects.create(description='another test', user=another_user)
+
+        my_nested = OwnedResourceNestedOwnership.objects.create(description="test", parent=my_resource)
+        my_second_nested = OwnedResourceNestedOwnership.objects.create(description="test", parent=my_second_resource)
+        their_nested = OwnedResourceNestedOwnership.objects.create(description="test", parent=their_resource)
+
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.client.get, '/ownedresourcenestedownerships/')

djangoldp/urls.py

 from importlib import import_module
 
 from django.conf import settings
-from django.conf.urls import url, include
+from django.contrib.auth.models import Group
+from django.urls import path, re_path, include
 
 from djangoldp.models import LDPSource, Model
-from djangoldp.permissions import LDPPermissions
+from djangoldp.permissions import ReadOnly
 from djangoldp.views import LDPSourceViewSet, WebFingerView, InboxView
-from djangoldp.views import LDPViewSet
+from djangoldp.views import LDPViewSet, serve_static_content
 
 
 def __clean_path(path):
@@ -18,36 +19,66 @@ def __clean_path(path):
     return path
 
 
+def get_all_non_abstract_subclasses(cls):
+    '''
+    returns a set of all subclasses for a given Python class (recursively calls cls.__subclasses__()). Ignores Abstract
+    classes
+    '''
+    def valid_subclass(sc):
+        '''returns True if the parameterised subclass is valid and should be returned'''
+        return not getattr(sc._meta, 'abstract', False)
+
+    return set(c for c in cls.__subclasses__() if valid_subclass(c)).union(
+        [subclass for c in cls.__subclasses__() for subclass in get_all_non_abstract_subclasses(c) if valid_subclass(subclass)])
+
 urlpatterns = [
-    url(r'^sources/(?P<federation>\w+)/', LDPSourceViewSet.urls(model=LDPSource, fields=['federation', 'urlid'],
-                                                                permission_classes=[LDPPermissions], )),
-    url(r'^\.well-known/webfinger/?$', WebFingerView.as_view()),
-    url(r'^inbox/$', InboxView.as_view()),
+    path('groups/', LDPViewSet.urls(model=Group)),
+    re_path(r'^sources/(?P<federation>\w+)/', LDPSourceViewSet.urls(model=LDPSource, fields=['federation', 'urlid'],
+                                                                    permission_classes=[ReadOnly], )),
+    re_path(r'^\.well-known/webfinger/?$', WebFingerView.as_view()),
+    path('inbox/', InboxView.as_view()),
+    re_path(r'^ssr/(?P<path>.*)$', serve_static_content, name='serve_static_content'),
 ]
 
+if settings.ENABLE_SWAGGER_DOCUMENTATION:
+    from drf_spectacular.views import SpectacularAPIView, SpectacularSwaggerView
+    urlpatterns.extend([
+        path("schema/", SpectacularAPIView.as_view(), name="schema"),
+        path(
+            "docs/",
+            SpectacularSwaggerView.as_view(
+                template_name="swagger-ui.html", url_name="schema"
+            ),
+            name="swagger-ui",
+        )
+    ])
+
 for package in settings.DJANGOLDP_PACKAGES:
     try:
         import_module('{}.models'.format(package))
-        urlpatterns.append(url(r'^', include('{}.djangoldp_urls'.format(package))))
     except ModuleNotFoundError:
         pass
-
-if 'djangoldp_account' not in settings.DJANGOLDP_PACKAGES:
-    urlpatterns.append(url(r'^users/', LDPViewSet.urls(model=settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL, permission_classes=[])))
-
-# fetch a list of all models which subclass DjangoLDP Model
-model_classes = {cls.__name__: cls for cls in Model.__subclasses__()}
+    try:
+        urlpatterns.append(path('', include('{}.djangoldp_urls'.format(package))))
+    except ModuleNotFoundError:
+        pass
 
 # append urls for all DjangoLDP Model subclasses
-for class_name in model_classes:
-    model_class = model_classes[class_name]
+for model in get_all_non_abstract_subclasses(Model):
     # the path is the url for this model
-    path = __clean_path(model_class.get_container_path())
-    # urls_fct will be a method which generates urls for a ViewSet (defined in LDPViewSet)
-    urls_fct = model_class.get_view_set().urls
-    urlpatterns.append(url(r'^' + path, include(
-        urls_fct(model=model_class,
-                 lookup_field=Model.get_meta(model_class, 'lookup_field', 'pk'),
-                 permission_classes=Model.get_meta(model_class, 'permission_classes', [LDPPermissions]),
-                 fields=Model.get_meta(model_class, 'serializer_fields', []),
-                 nested_fields=Model.get_meta(model_class, 'nested_fields', [])))))
+    model_path = __clean_path(model.get_container_path())
+    # urls_fct will be a method which generates urls for a ViewSet (defined in LDPViewSetGenerator)
+    urls_fct = getattr(model, 'view_set', LDPViewSet).urls
+    disable_url = getattr(model._meta, 'disable_url', False)
+    if not disable_url:
+        urlpatterns.append(path('' + model_path,
+            urls_fct(model=model,
+                    lookup_field=getattr(model._meta, 'lookup_field', 'pk'),
+                    permission_classes=getattr(model._meta, 'permission_classes', []),
+                    fields=getattr(model._meta, 'serializer_fields', []),
+                    nested_fields=getattr(model._meta, 'nested_fields', [])
+                    )))
+
+# NOTE: this route will be ignored if a custom (subclass of Model) user model is used, or it is registered by a package
+# Django matches the first url it finds for a given path
+urlpatterns.append(re_path('users/', LDPViewSet.urls(model=settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL, permission_classes=[])))
\ No newline at end of file

djangoldp/utils.py

+from django.conf import settings
+from guardian.utils import get_anonymous_user
+
+PASSTHROUGH_IPS = getattr(settings, 'PASSTHROUGH_IPS', '')
+
+# convenience function returns True if user is anonymous
+def is_anonymous_user(user):
+    anonymous_username = getattr(settings, 'ANONYMOUS_USER_NAME', None)
+    return user.is_anonymous or user.username == anonymous_username
+
+
+# convenience function returns True if user is authenticated
+def is_authenticated_user(user):
+    anonymous_username = getattr(settings, 'ANONYMOUS_USER_NAME', None)
+    return user.is_authenticated and user.username != anonymous_username
+
+
+# this method is used to check if a given IP is part of the PASSTHROUGH_IPS list
+def check_client_ip(request):
+    x_forwarded_for = request.headers.get('x-forwarded-for')
+    if x_forwarded_for:
+        if any(ip in x_forwarded_for.replace(' ', '').split(',') for ip in PASSTHROUGH_IPS):
+            return True
+    elif request.META.get('REMOTE_ADDR') in PASSTHROUGH_IPS:
+        return True
+    return False

djangoldp/views.py

-import copy
 import json
+import logging
+import os
+import time
+
+import validators
 from django.apps import apps
 from django.conf import settings
-from django.conf.urls import url, include
 from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
-from django.core.exceptions import FieldDoesNotExist
-from django.core.urlresolvers import get_resolver
-from django.http import JsonResponse, Http404
+from django.contrib.auth.models import AnonymousUser
+from django.core.exceptions import FieldDoesNotExist, ObjectDoesNotExist
+from django.db import IntegrityError, transaction
+from django.http import Http404, HttpResponseNotFound, JsonResponse
 from django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404
+from django.urls import include, path, re_path
+from django.urls.resolvers import get_resolver
 from django.utils.decorators import classonlymethod
 from django.views import View
 from pyld import jsonld
 from rest_framework import status
 from rest_framework.authentication import SessionAuthentication
-from rest_framework.permissions import AllowAny
+from rest_framework.exceptions import ParseError
 from rest_framework.parsers import JSONParser
+from rest_framework.permissions import AllowAny
 from rest_framework.renderers import JSONRenderer
 from rest_framework.response import Response
 from rest_framework.utils import model_meta
 from rest_framework.views import APIView
 from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet
 
+from djangoldp.activities import (ACTIVITY_SAVING_SETTING, ActivityPubService,
+                                  ActivityQueueService, as_activitystream)
+from djangoldp.activities.errors import (ActivityStreamDecodeError,
+                                         ActivityStreamValidationError)
 from djangoldp.endpoints.webfinger import WebFingerEndpoint, WebFingerError
-from djangoldp.models import LDPSource, Model, Activity, Follower
-from djangoldp.permissions import LDPPermissions
-from djangoldp.filters import LocalObjectOnContainerPathBackend
-from djangoldp.activities import ActivityPubService, as_activitystream
-from djangoldp.activities.errors import ActivityStreamDecodeError
-
+from djangoldp.filters import (LocalObjectOnContainerPathBackend,
+                               SearchByQueryParamFilterBackend)
+from djangoldp.models import DynamicNestedField, Follower, LDPSource, Model
+from djangoldp.related import get_prefetch_fields
+from djangoldp.utils import is_authenticated_user
 
+logger = logging.getLogger('djangoldp')
 get_user_model()._meta.rdf_context = {"get_full_name": "rdfs:label"}
 
 
@@ -48,15 +59,20 @@ class JSONLDRenderer(JSONRenderer):
                 data["@context"] = settings.LDP_RDF_CONTEXT
         return super(JSONLDRenderer, self).render(data, accepted_media_type, renderer_context)
 
+
 # https://github.com/digitalbazaar/pyld
 class JSONLDParser(JSONParser):
+    #TODO: It current only works with pyld 1.0. We need to check our support of JSON-LD
     media_type = 'application/ld+json'
 
     def parse(self, stream, media_type=None, parser_context=None):
         data = super(JSONLDParser, self).parse(stream, media_type, parser_context)
         # compact applies the context to the data and makes it a format which is easier to work with
         # see: http://json-ld.org/spec/latest/json-ld/#compacted-document-form
-        return jsonld.compact(data, ctx=settings.LDP_RDF_CONTEXT)
+        try:
+            return jsonld.compact(data, ctx=settings.LDP_RDF_CONTEXT)
+        except jsonld.JsonLdError as e:
+            raise ParseError(str(e.cause))
 
 
 # an authentication class which exempts CSRF authentication
@@ -69,20 +85,43 @@ class InboxView(APIView):
     """
     Receive linked data notifications
     """
-    permission_classes=[AllowAny,]
+    permission_classes = [AllowAny, ]
+    renderer_classes = [JSONLDRenderer]
 
     def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
         '''
         receiver for inbox messages. See https://www.w3.org/TR/ldn/
         '''
-        payload = request.body.decode("utf-8")
-
         try:
-            activity = json.loads(payload, object_hook=as_activitystream)
+            activity = json.loads(request.body, object_hook=as_activitystream)
             activity.validate()
         except ActivityStreamDecodeError:
             return Response('Activity type unsupported', status=status.HTTP_405_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED)
+        except ActivityStreamValidationError as e:
+            return Response(str(e), status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
+
+        try:
+            self._handle_activity(activity, **kwargs)
+        except IntegrityError:
+            return Response({'Unable to save due to an IntegrityError in the receiver model'},
+                            status=status.HTTP_200_OK)
+        except ValueError as e:
+            return Response(str(e), status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
+
+        # save the activity and return 201
+        if ACTIVITY_SAVING_SETTING == 'VERBOSE':
+            obj = ActivityQueueService._save_sent_activity(activity.to_json(), local_id=request.path_info, success=True,
+                                                           type=activity.type)
 
+            response = Response({}, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
+            response['Location'] = obj.urlid
+        
+        else:
+            response = Response({}, status=status.HTTP_200_OK)
+
+        return response
+
+    def _handle_activity(self, activity, **kwargs):
         if activity.type == 'Add':
             self.handle_add_activity(activity, **kwargs)
         elif activity.type == 'Remove':
@@ -94,45 +133,71 @@ class InboxView(APIView):
         elif activity.type == 'Follow':
             self.handle_follow_activity(activity, **kwargs)
 
-        # save the activity and return 201
-        payload = bytes(json.dumps(activity.to_json()), "utf-8")
-        obj = Activity.objects.create(local_id=request.path_info, payload=payload)
-        obj.aid = Model.absolute_url(obj)
-        obj.save()
-
-        response = Response({}, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
-        response['Location'] = obj.aid
-
-        return response
-
-    def get_or_create_nested_backlinks(self, object, object_model=None, update=False):
+    def atomic_get_or_create_nested_backlinks(self, obj, object_model=None, update=False):
+        '''
+        a version of get_or_create_nested_backlinks in which all nested backlinks are created, or none of them are
         '''
-        recursively constructs a tree of nested objects, using get_or_create on each leaf/branch
-        :param object: Dict representation of the object
+        try:
+            with transaction.atomic():
+                return self._get_or_create_nested_backlinks(obj, object_model, update)
+        except IntegrityError as e:
+            logger.error(str(e))
+            logger.warning(
+                'received a backlink which you were not able to save because of a constraint on the model field.')
+            raise e
+
+    def _get_or_create_nested_backlinks(self, obj, object_model=None, update=False):
+        '''
+        recursively deconstructs a tree of nested objects, using get_or_create on each leaf/branch
+        :param obj: Dict representation of the object
         :param object_model: The Model class of the object. Will be discovered if set to None
         :param update: if True will update retrieved objects with new data
+        :raises Exception: if get_or_create fails on a branch, the creation will be reversed and the Exception re-thrown
         '''
         # store a list of the object's sub-items
         if object_model is None:
-            object_model = Model.get_subclass_with_rdf_type(object['@type'])
+            object_model = Model.get_subclass_with_rdf_type(obj['@type'])
         if object_model is None:
-            raise Http404('unable to store type ' + object['@type'] + ', model with this rdf_type not found')
+            raise Http404('unable to store type ' + obj['@type'] + ', model with this rdf_type not found')
         branches = {}
 
-        for item in object.items():
+        for item in obj.items():
             # TODO: parse other data types. Match the key to the field_name
             if isinstance(item[1], dict):
                 item_value = item[1]
                 item_model = Model.get_subclass_with_rdf_type(item_value['@type'])
                 if item_model is None:
-                    raise Http404('unable to store type ' + item_value['@type'] + ', model with this rdf_type not found')
+                    raise Http404(
+                        'unable to store type ' + item_value['@type'] + ', model with this rdf_type not found')
 
                 # push nested object tuple as a branch
-                backlink = self.get_or_create_nested_backlinks(item_value, item_model)
+                backlink = self._get_or_create_nested_backlinks(item_value, item_model)
                 branches[item[0]] = backlink
 
         # get or create the backlink
-        return Model.get_or_create(object_model, object['@id'], update=update, **branches)
+        try:
+            if obj['@id'] is None or not validators.url(obj['@id']):
+                raise ValueError('received invalid urlid ' + str(obj['@id']))
+            external = Model.get_or_create_external(object_model, obj['@id'], update=update, **branches)
+
+            # creating followers, to inform distant resource of changes to local connection
+            if Model.is_external(external):
+                # this is handled with Followers, where each local child of the branch is followed by its external parent
+                for item in obj.items():
+                    urlid = item[1]
+                    if isinstance(item[1], dict):
+                        urlid = urlid['@id']
+                    if not isinstance(urlid, str) or not validators.url(urlid):
+                        continue
+
+                    if not Model.is_external(urlid):
+                        ActivityPubService.save_follower_for_target(external.urlid, urlid)
+
+            return external
+
+        # this will be raised when the object was local, but it didn't exist
+        except ObjectDoesNotExist:
+            raise Http404(getattr(object_model._meta, 'label', 'Unknown Model') + ' ' + str(obj['@id']) + ' does not exist')
 
     # TODO: a fallback here? Saving the backlink as Object or similar
     def _get_subclass_with_rdf_type_or_404(self, rdf_type):
@@ -149,20 +214,24 @@ class InboxView(APIView):
         object_model = self._get_subclass_with_rdf_type_or_404(activity.object['@type'])
         target_model = self._get_subclass_with_rdf_type_or_404(activity.target['@type'])
 
-        # store backlink(s) in database
-        backlink = self.get_or_create_nested_backlinks(activity.object, object_model)
-
-        # add object to target
         try:
-            target_info = model_meta.get_field_info(target_model)
             target = target_model.objects.get(urlid=activity.target['@id'])
-
-            for field_name, relation_info in target_info.relations.items():
-                if relation_info.related_model == object_model:
-                    getattr(target, field_name).add(backlink)
         except target_model.DoesNotExist:
             return Response({}, status=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND)
 
+        # store backlink(s) in database
+        backlink = self.atomic_get_or_create_nested_backlinks(activity.object, object_model)
+
+        # add object to target
+        target_info = model_meta.get_field_info(target_model)
+
+        for field_name, relation_info in target_info.relations.items():
+            if relation_info.related_model == object_model:
+                attr = getattr(target, field_name)
+                if not attr.filter(urlid=backlink.urlid).exists():
+                    attr.add(backlink)
+                    ActivityPubService.save_follower_for_target(backlink.urlid, target.urlid)
+
     def handle_remove_activity(self, activity, **kwargs):
         '''
         handles Remove Activities. See https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams
@@ -174,28 +243,29 @@ class InboxView(APIView):
 
         # get the model reference to saved object
         try:
+            origin = origin_model.objects.get(urlid=activity.origin['@id'])
             object_instance = object_model.objects.get(urlid=activity.object['@id'])
+        except origin_model.DoesNotExist:
+            raise Http404(activity.origin['@id'] + ' did not exist')
         except object_model.DoesNotExist:
             return
 
         # remove object from origin
-        try:
-            origin_info = model_meta.get_field_info(origin_model)
-            origin = origin_model.objects.get(urlid=activity.origin['@id'])
+        origin_info = model_meta.get_field_info(origin_model)
 
-            for field_name, relation_info in origin_info.relations.items():
-                if relation_info.related_model == object_model:
-                    getattr(origin, field_name).remove(object_instance)
-        # TODO: decipher from history if the resource has been moved?
-        except origin_model.DoesNotExist:
-            raise Http404()
+        for field_name, relation_info in origin_info.relations.items():
+            if relation_info.related_model == object_model:
+                attr = getattr(origin, field_name)
+                if attr.filter(urlid=object_instance.urlid).exists():
+                    attr.remove(object_instance)
+                    ActivityPubService.remove_followers_for_resource(origin.urlid, object_instance.urlid)
 
     def handle_create_or_update_activity(self, activity, **kwargs):
         '''
         handles Create & Update Activities. See https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams
         '''
         object_model = self._get_subclass_with_rdf_type_or_404(activity.object['@type'])
-        self.get_or_create_nested_backlinks(activity.object, object_model, update=True)
+        self.atomic_get_or_create_nested_backlinks(activity.object, object_model, update=True)
 
     def handle_delete_activity(self, activity, **kwargs):
         '''
@@ -214,6 +284,10 @@ class InboxView(APIView):
         object_instance.allow_create_backlink = False
         object_instance.save()
         object_instance.delete()
+        urlid = getattr(object_instance, 'urlid', None)
+        if urlid is not None:
+            for follower in Follower.objects.filter(follower=urlid):
+                follower.delete()
 
     def handle_follow_activity(self, activity, **kwargs):
         '''
@@ -226,9 +300,9 @@ class InboxView(APIView):
         try:
             object_instance = object_model.objects.get(urlid=activity.object['@id'])
         except object_model.DoesNotExist:
-            raise Http404()
+            raise Http404(activity.object['@id'] + ' did not exist')
         if Model.is_external(object_instance):
-            raise Http404()
+            raise Http404(activity.object['@id'] + ' is not local to this server')
 
         # get the inbox field from the actor
         if isinstance(activity.actor, str):
@@ -250,6 +324,10 @@ class LDPViewSetGenerator(ModelViewSet):
     list_actions = {'get': 'list', 'post': 'create'}
     detail_actions = {'get': 'retrieve', 'put': 'update', 'patch': 'partial_update', 'delete': 'destroy'}
 
+    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
+        super().__init__(**kwargs)
+        self.lookup_field = LDPViewSetGenerator.get_lookup_arg(**kwargs)
+
     @classonlymethod
     def get_model(cls, **kwargs):
         '''gets the model in the arguments or in the viewset definition'''
@@ -260,7 +338,8 @@ class LDPViewSetGenerator(ModelViewSet):
 
     @classonlymethod
     def get_lookup_arg(cls, **kwargs):
-        return kwargs.get('lookup_url_kwarg') or cls.lookup_url_kwarg or kwargs.get('lookup_field') or cls.lookup_field
+        return kwargs.get('lookup_url_kwarg') or cls.lookup_url_kwarg or kwargs.get('lookup_field') or \
+               getattr(kwargs['model']._meta, 'lookup_field', 'pk') or cls.lookup_field
 
     @classonlymethod
     def get_detail_expr(cls, lookup_field=None, **kwargs):
@@ -269,6 +348,15 @@ class LDPViewSetGenerator(ModelViewSet):
         lookup_group = r'\d' if lookup_field == 'pk' else r'[\w\-\.]'
         return r'(?P<{}>{}+)/'.format(lookup_field, lookup_group)
 
+    @classonlymethod
+    def build_nested_view_set(cls, view_set=None):
+        '''returns the the view_set parameter mixed into the LDPNestedViewSet class'''
+        if view_set is not None:
+            class LDPNestedCustomViewSet(LDPNestedViewSet, view_set):
+                pass
+            return LDPNestedCustomViewSet
+        return LDPNestedViewSet
+
     @classonlymethod
     def urls(cls, **kwargs):
         '''constructs urls list for model passed in kwargs'''
@@ -277,16 +365,45 @@ class LDPViewSetGenerator(ModelViewSet):
         if kwargs.get('model_prefix'):
             model_name = '{}-{}'.format(kwargs['model_prefix'], model_name)
         detail_expr = cls.get_detail_expr(**kwargs)
+        # Gets permissions on the model if not explicitely passed to the view
+        if not 'permission_classes' in kwargs and hasattr(kwargs['model']._meta, 'permission_classes'):
+            kwargs['permission_classes'] = kwargs['model']._meta.permission_classes
 
         urls = [
-            url('^$', cls.as_view(cls.list_actions, **kwargs), name='{}-list'.format(model_name)),
-            url('^' + detail_expr + '$', cls.as_view(cls.detail_actions, **kwargs),
-                name='{}-detail'.format(model_name)),
+            path('', cls.as_view(cls.list_actions, **kwargs), name='{}-list'.format(model_name)),
+            re_path('^' + detail_expr + '$', cls.as_view(cls.detail_actions, **kwargs),
+                    name='{}-detail'.format(model_name)),
         ]
 
         # append nested fields to the urls list
-        for field in kwargs.get('nested_fields') or cls.nested_fields:
-            urls.append(url('^' + detail_expr + field + '/', LDPNestedViewSet.nested_urls(field, **kwargs)))
+        for field_name in kwargs.get('nested_fields') or cls.nested_fields:
+            try:
+                nested_field = kwargs['model']._meta.get_field(field_name)
+                nested_model = nested_field.related_model
+                field_name_to_parent = nested_field.remote_field.name
+            except FieldDoesNotExist:
+                nested_model = getattr(kwargs['model'], field_name).field.model
+                nested_field = getattr(kwargs['model'], field_name).field.remote_field
+                field_name_to_parent = getattr(kwargs['model'], field_name).field.name
+
+            # urls should be called from _nested_ view set, which may need a custom view set mixed in
+            view_set = getattr(nested_model._meta, 'view_set', None)
+            nested_view_set = cls.build_nested_view_set(view_set)
+
+            urls.append(re_path('^' + detail_expr + field_name + '/',
+                    nested_view_set.urls(
+                    model=nested_model,
+                    model_prefix=kwargs['model']._meta.object_name.lower(), # prefix with parent name
+                    lookup_field=getattr(nested_model._meta, 'lookup_field', 'pk'),
+                    exclude=(field_name_to_parent,) if nested_field.one_to_many else (),
+                    permission_classes=getattr(nested_model._meta, 'permission_classes', []),
+                    nested_field_name=field_name,
+                    fields=getattr(nested_model._meta, 'serializer_fields', []),
+                    nested_fields=[],
+                    parent_model=kwargs['model'],
+                    parent_lookup_field=cls.get_lookup_arg(**kwargs),
+                    nested_field=nested_field,
+                    field_name_to_parent=field_name_to_parent)))
 
         return include(urls)
 
@@ -299,52 +416,80 @@ class LDPViewSet(LDPViewSetGenerator):
     renderer_classes = (JSONLDRenderer,)
     parser_classes = (JSONLDParser,)
     authentication_classes = (NoCSRFAuthentication,)
-    filter_backends = [LocalObjectOnContainerPathBackend]
+    filter_backends = [SearchByQueryParamFilterBackend, LocalObjectOnContainerPathBackend]
+    prefetch_fields = None
 
     def __init__(self, **kwargs):
         super().__init__(**kwargs)
         # attach filter backends based on permissions classes, to reduce the queryset based on these permissions
         # https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/filtering/#generic-filtering
-        if self.permission_classes:
-            for p in self.permission_classes:
-                if hasattr(p, 'filter_class') and p.filter_class:
-                    self.filter_backends.append(p.filter_class)
-
-        self.serializer_class = self.build_read_serializer()
-        self.write_serializer_class = self.build_write_serializer()
-
-    def build_read_serializer(self):
+        self.filter_backends = type(self).filter_backends + list({perm_class().get_filter_backend(self.model)
+                for perm_class in self.permission_classes if hasattr(perm_class(), 'get_filter_backend')})
+        if None in self.filter_backends:
+            self.filter_backends.remove(None)
+    
+    def filter_queryset(self, queryset):
+        if self.request.user.is_superuser:
+            return queryset
+        return super().filter_queryset(queryset)
+
+    def check_permissions(self, request):
+        if request.user.is_superuser:
+            return True
+        return super().check_permissions(request)
+
+    def check_object_permissions(self, request, obj):
+        if request.user.is_superuser:
+            return True
+        return super().check_object_permissions(request, obj)
+    
+    def get_depth(self) -> int:
+        if getattr(self, 'force_depth', None):
+            #TODO: this exception on depth for writing should be handled by the serializer itself
+            return self.force_depth
+        if hasattr(self, 'request') and 'HTTP_DEPTH' in self.request.META:
+            return int(self.request.META['HTTP_DEPTH'])
+        if hasattr(self, 'depth'):
+            return self.depth
+        return getattr(self.model._meta, 'depth', 0)
+
+    def get_serializer_class(self):
         model_name = self.model._meta.object_name.lower()
-        lookup_field = get_resolver().reverse_dict[model_name + '-detail'][0][0][1][0]
-        meta_args = {'model': self.model, 'extra_kwargs': {
-            '@id': {'lookup_field': lookup_field}},
-                     'depth': getattr(self, 'depth', Model.get_meta(self.model, 'depth', 0)),
-                     'extra_fields': self.nested_fields}
-        return self.build_serializer(meta_args, 'Read')
-
-    def build_write_serializer(self):
-        model_name = self.model._meta.object_name.lower()
-        lookup_field = get_resolver().reverse_dict[model_name + '-detail'][0][0][1][0]
+        try:
+            lookup_field = get_resolver().reverse_dict[model_name + '-detail'][0][0][1][0]
+        except:
+            lookup_field = 'urlid'
+        
         meta_args = {'model': self.model, 'extra_kwargs': {
-            '@id': {'lookup_field': lookup_field}},
-                     'depth': 10,
-                     'extra_fields': self.nested_fields}
-        return self.build_serializer(meta_args, 'Write')
+                '@id': {'lookup_field': lookup_field}},
+                'depth': self.get_depth(),
+                'extra_fields': self.nested_fields}
 
-    def build_serializer(self, meta_args, name_prefix):
-        # create the Meta class to associate to LDPSerializer, using meta_args param
         if self.fields:
             meta_args['fields'] = self.fields
         else:
-            meta_args['exclude'] = self.exclude or ()
-        meta_class = type('Meta', (), meta_args)
+            meta_args['exclude'] = self.exclude or getattr(self.model._meta, 'serializer_fields_exclude', ())
+        # create the Meta class to associate to LDPSerializer, using meta_args param
 
         from djangoldp.serializers import LDPSerializer
-        return type(LDPSerializer)(self.model._meta.object_name.lower() + name_prefix + 'Serializer', (LDPSerializer,),
+        if self.serializer_class is None:
+            self.serializer_class = LDPSerializer
+
+        parent_meta = (self.serializer_class.Meta,) if hasattr(self.serializer_class, 'Meta') else ()
+        meta_class = type('Meta', parent_meta, meta_args)
+
+        return type(self.serializer_class)(self.model._meta.object_name.lower() + 'Serializer',
+                                   (self.serializer_class,),
                                    {'Meta': meta_class})
 
+    # The chaining of filter through | may lead to duplicates and distinct should only be applied in the end.
+    def filter_queryset(self, queryset):
+        return super().filter_queryset(queryset).distinct()
+
     def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
-        serializer = self.get_write_serializer(data=request.data)
+        self.force_depth = 10
+        serializer = self.get_serializer(data=request.data)
+        self.force_depth = None
         serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
 
         self.perform_create(serializer)
@@ -356,7 +501,9 @@ class LDPViewSet(LDPViewSetGenerator):
     def update(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
         partial = kwargs.pop('partial', False)
         instance = self.get_object()
-        serializer = self.get_write_serializer(instance, data=request.data, partial=partial)
+        self.force_depth = 10
+        serializer = self.get_serializer(instance, data=request.data, partial=partial)
+        self.force_depth = None
         serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
         self.perform_update(serializer)
 
@@ -367,64 +514,35 @@ class LDPViewSet(LDPViewSetGenerator):
 
         response_serializer = self.get_serializer()
         data = response_serializer.to_representation(serializer.instance)
-
         return Response(data)
 
-    def get_write_serializer(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        """
-        Return the serializer instance that should be used for validating and
-        deserializing input, and for serializing output.
-        """
-        serializer_class = self.get_write_serializer_class()
-        kwargs['context'] = self.get_serializer_context()
-        return serializer_class(*args, **kwargs)
-
-    def get_write_serializer_class(self):
-        """
-        Return the class to use for the serializer.
-        Defaults to using `self.write_serializer_class`.
-
-        You may want to override this if you need to provide different
-        serializations depending on the incoming request.
-
-        (Eg. admins get full serialization, others get basic serialization)
-        """
-        assert self.write_serializer_class is not None, (
-                "'%s' should either include a `write_serializer_class` attribute, "
-                "or override the `get_write_serializer_class()` method."
-                % self.__class__.__name__
-        )
-
-        return self.write_serializer_class
-
     def perform_create(self, serializer, **kwargs):
         if hasattr(self.model._meta, 'auto_author') and isinstance(self.request.user, get_user_model()):
-            kwargs[self.model._meta.auto_author] = self.request.user
-        serializer.save(**kwargs)
+            kwargs[self.model._meta.auto_author] = get_user_model().objects.get(pk=self.request.user.pk)
+        return serializer.save(**kwargs)
 
     def get_queryset(self, *args, **kwargs):
         if self.model:
-            return self.model.objects.all()
+            queryset = self.model.objects.all()
         else:
-            return super(LDPView, self).get_queryset(*args, **kwargs)
+            queryset = super(LDPViewSet, self).get_queryset(*args, **kwargs)
+        if self.prefetch_fields is None:
+            self.prefetch_fields = get_prefetch_fields(self.model, self.get_serializer(), self.get_depth())
+        return queryset.prefetch_related(*self.prefetch_fields)
 
     def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
         '''overriden dispatch method to append some custom headers'''
         response = super(LDPViewSet, self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
-        response["Access-Control-Allow-Origin"] = request.META.get('HTTP_ORIGIN')
-        response["Access-Control-Allow-Methods"] = "GET,POST,PUT,PATCH,DELETE"
-        response["Access-Control-Allow-Headers"] = "authorization, Content-Type, if-match, accept"
-        response["Access-Control-Expose-Headers"] = "Location, User"
-        response["Access-Control-Allow-Credentials"] = 'true'
         response["Accept-Post"] = "application/ld+json"
+
         if response.status_code in [201, 200] and '@id' in response.data:
-            response["Location"] = response.data['@id']
+            response["Location"] = str(response.data['@id'])
         else:
             pass
-        response["Accept-Post"] = "application/ld+json"
-        if request.user.is_authenticated():
+
+        if is_authenticated_user(request.user):
             try:
-                response['User'] = request.user.webid()
+                response['User'] = request.user.urlid
             except AttributeError:
                 pass
         return response
@@ -437,57 +555,51 @@ class LDPNestedViewSet(LDPViewSet):
     """
     parent_model = None
     parent_lookup_field = None
-    related_field = None
     nested_field = None
-    nested_related_name = None
+    nested_field_name = None
+    field_name_to_parent = None
 
     def get_parent(self):
         return get_object_or_404(self.parent_model, **{self.parent_lookup_field: self.kwargs[self.parent_lookup_field]})
 
     def perform_create(self, serializer, **kwargs):
-        kwargs[self.nested_related_name] = self.get_parent()
+        kwargs[self.field_name_to_parent] = self.get_parent()
         super().perform_create(serializer, **kwargs)
 
     def get_queryset(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        if self.related_field.many_to_many or self.related_field.one_to_many:
-            return getattr(self.get_parent(), self.nested_field).all()
-        if self.related_field.many_to_one or self.related_field.one_to_one:
-            return [getattr(self.get_parent(), self.nested_field)]
+        related = getattr(self.get_parent(), self.nested_field_name)
+        if self.nested_field.many_to_many or self.nested_field.one_to_many:
+            if isinstance(self.nested_field, DynamicNestedField):
+                return related()
+            return related.all()
+        if self.nested_field.one_to_one or self.nested_field.many_to_one:
+            return type(related).objects.filter(pk=related.pk)
 
-    @classonlymethod
-    def get_related_fields(cls, model):
-        return {field.get_accessor_name(): field for field in model._meta.fields_map.values()}
 
-    @classonlymethod
-    def nested_urls(cls, nested_field, **kwargs):
-        try:
-            related_field = cls.get_model(**kwargs)._meta.get_field(nested_field)
-        except FieldDoesNotExist:
-            related_field = cls.get_related_fields(cls.get_model(**kwargs))[nested_field]
-        if related_field.related_query_name:
-            nested_related_name = related_field.related_query_name()
+class LDPAPIView(APIView):
+    '''extends rest framework APIView to support Solid standards'''
+    authentication_classes = (NoCSRFAuthentication,)
+
+    def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
+        '''overriden dispatch method to append some custom headers'''
+        response = super().dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
+        
+        if response.status_code in [201, 200] and isinstance(response.data, dict) and '@id' in response.data:
+            response["Location"] = str(response.data['@id'])
         else:
-            nested_related_name = related_field.remote_field.name
-
-        return cls.urls(
-            lookup_field=Model.get_meta(related_field.related_model, 'lookup_field', 'pk'),
-            model=related_field.related_model,
-            exclude=(nested_related_name,) if related_field.one_to_many else (),
-            parent_model=cls.get_model(**kwargs),
-            nested_field=nested_field,
-            nested_related_name=nested_related_name,
-            related_field=related_field,
-            parent_lookup_field=cls.get_lookup_arg(**kwargs),
-            model_prefix=cls.get_model(**kwargs)._meta.object_name.lower(),
-            permission_classes=Model.get_permission_classes(related_field.related_model,
-                                                            kwargs.get('permission_classes', [LDPPermissions])),
-            lookup_url_kwarg=related_field.related_model._meta.object_name.lower() + '_id')
+            pass
+
+        if is_authenticated_user(request.user):
+            try:
+                response['User'] = request.user.urlid
+            except AttributeError:
+                pass
+        return response
 
 
 class LDPSourceViewSet(LDPViewSet):
     model = LDPSource
     federation = None
-    filter_backends = []
 
     def get_queryset(self, *args, **kwargs):
         return super().get_queryset(*args, **kwargs).filter(federation=self.kwargs['federation'])
@@ -512,3 +624,82 @@ class WebFingerView(View):
     def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
         return self.on_request(request)
 
+
+def serve_static_content(request, path):
+
+    if request.method != "GET":
+        resolver = get_resolver()
+        match = resolver.resolve("/" + path)
+        request.user = AnonymousUser()
+        return match.func(request, *match.args, **match.kwargs)
+
+    server_url = getattr(settings, "BASE_URL", "http://localhost")
+
+    is_filtered = request.GET.get('search-fields', False)
+
+    output_dir = "ssr"
+    output_dir_filtered = "ssr_filtered"
+    if not os.path.exists(output_dir):
+        os.makedirs(output_dir, exist_ok=True)
+    if not os.path.exists(output_dir_filtered):
+        os.makedirs(output_dir_filtered, exist_ok=True)
+
+    file_path = os.path.join(output_dir if not is_filtered else output_dir_filtered, path[:-1])
+    if not file_path.endswith(".jsonld"):
+        file_path += ".jsonld"
+
+    if os.path.exists(file_path):
+        current_time = time.time()
+        file_mod_time = os.path.getmtime(file_path)
+        time_difference = current_time - file_mod_time
+        if time_difference > 24 * 60 * 60:
+            os.remove(file_path)
+
+    if not os.path.exists(file_path):
+
+        resolver = get_resolver()
+        match = resolver.resolve("/" + path)
+        request.user = AnonymousUser()
+        response = match.func(request, *match.args, **match.kwargs)
+        if response.status_code == 200:
+            directory = os.path.dirname(file_path)
+            if not os.path.exists(directory):
+                os.makedirs(directory)
+            json_content = JSONRenderer().render(response.data)
+            with open(file_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+                f.write(
+                    json_content.decode("utf-8")
+                    .replace('"@id":"' + server_url, '"@id":"' + server_url + "/ssr")
+                    .replace(
+                        '"@id":"' + server_url + "/ssr/ssr",
+                        '"@id":"' + server_url + "/ssr",
+                    )[:-1]
+                    + ',"@context": "'
+                    + getattr(
+                        settings,
+                        "LDP_RDF_CONTEXT",
+                        "https://cdn.startinblox.com/owl/context.jsonld",
+                    )
+                    + '"}'
+                )
+
+    if os.path.exists(file_path):
+        with open(file_path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as file:
+            content = file.read()
+
+        try:
+            json_content = json.loads(content)
+            return JsonResponse(
+                json_content,
+                safe=False,
+                status=200,
+                content_type="application/ld+json",
+                headers={
+                    "Access-Control-Allow-Origin": "*",
+                    "Cache-Control": "public, max-age=3600",
+                },
+            )
+        except json.JSONDecodeError:
+            pass
+
+    return HttpResponseNotFound("File not found")

djangoldp_crypto/README.md

+# djangoldp-crypto
+
+Packages like [djangoldp](https://git.startinblox.com/djangoldp-packages/djangoldp) and [django-webidoidc-provider](https://git.startinblox.com/djangoldp-packages/django-webidoidc-provider) have some models and utilities which make use of cryptography. In general, we want to re-use that code in a supporting package to avoid duplication of effort. However, until it is more clear what ca be re-used, we are using this separate django app in this package. See [this ticket](https://git.startinblox.com/djangoldp-packages/djangoldp/issues/236) for more.
+
+## Install
+
+```bash
+$ python -m pip install 'djangoldp[crypto]'
+```
+
+Tnen add the app to your `settings.yml` like so:
+
+```yaml
+INSTALLED_APPS:
+  - djangoldp_crypto
+```
+
+## Management commands
+
+- `creatersakey`: Randomly generate a new RSA key for the DjangoLDP server
+
+## Test
+
+```bash
+$ python -m unittest djangoldp_crypto.tests.runner
+```

djangoldp_crypto/admin.py

+from django.contrib import admin
+
+from djangoldp_crypto.models import RSAKey
+
+
+@admin.register(RSAKey)
+class RSAKeyAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
+
+    readonly_fields = ['kid', 'pub_key']
+
+    def save_model(self, request, obj, form, change):
+        obj.priv_key.replace('\r', '')
+        super().save_model(request, obj, form, change)

djangoldp_crypto/management/commands/creatersakey.py

+from Cryptodome.PublicKey import RSA
+from django.core.management.base import BaseCommand
+from djangoldp_crypto.models import RSAKey
+
+
+class Command(BaseCommand):
+    help = 'Randomly generate a new RSA key for the DjangoLDP server'
+
+    def handle(self, *args, **options):
+        try:
+            key = RSA.generate(2048)
+            rsakey = RSAKey(priv_key=key.exportKey('PEM').decode('utf8'))
+            rsakey.save()
+            self.stdout.write('RSA key successfully created')
+            self.stdout.write(u'Private key: \n{0}'.format(rsakey.priv_key))
+            self.stdout.write(u'Public key: \n{0}'.format(rsakey.pub_key))
+            self.stdout.write(u'Key ID: \n{0}'.format(rsakey.kid))
+        except Exception as e:
+            self.stdout.write('Something goes wrong: {0}'.format(e))